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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of the relationship between serum vitamin D and survival

From: The relationship between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and survival in newly diagnosed advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Variables

Univariate model HR (95 % CI)

Full model HR (95 % CI)

Final model HR (95 % CI)

Serum vitamin D

   

 > = 20 ng/ml (reference)

   

 <20 ng/ml

1.2 (0.9–1.6)

0.99 (0.8–1.3)

 

Gender

   

 Female (reference)

   

 Male

1.3 (1.01–1.6)*

1.1 (0.9–1.5)

 

Stage

   

 III (reference)

   

 IV

2.3 (1.8–3.1)*

2.3 (1.7–3.2)*

2.3 (1.7–3.1)*

CTCA hospital

   

 Philadelphia, PA (reference)

   

 Zion, IL

3.2 (1.8–5.8)*

1.9 (0.9–4.1)

2.0 (0.9–4.2)

 Tulsa, OK

5.8 (3.0–11.2)*

4.0 (1.8–8.8)*

4.1 (1.9–8.9)*

Histologic subtype

   

 Adenocarcinoma (reference)

   

 Squamous cell

1.1 (0.8–1.4)

0.9 (0.6–1.3)

0.9 (0.7–1.3)

 Others

2.3 (1.4–3.8)*

1.8 (1.02–3.2)*

1.7 (0.9–2.8)

SGA

   

 Well-nourished (reference)

   

 Moderately-severely malnourished

2.0 (1.6–2.6)*

1.4 (1.02–1.8)*

1.4 (1.1–1.9)*

ECOG score

   

 0–1 (reference)

   

 2–4

1.6 (1.2–2.1)*

1.2 (0.9–1.6)

 

Season of diagnosis

   

 Summer (reference)

   

 Fall

1.0 (0.7–1.4)

1.4 (0.9–1.9)

 

 Winter

1.2 (0.9–1.7)

1.3 (0.9–1.8)

 

 Spring

1.1 (0.8–1.5)

1.1 (0.8–1.6)

 

Smoking status

   

 Never (reference)

   

 Former

1.5 (1.1–2.1)*

1.4 (1.01–2.1)*

1.5 (1.1–2.2)*

 Current

1.6 (1.1–2.1)*

1.3 (0.9–1.9)

1.4 (0.9–1.9)

 Age (continuous)

1.0 (0.99–1.01)

1.01 (0.99–1.02)

 

 Serum vitamin D (continuous)

1.0 (0.99–1.01)

  

 BMI (continuous)

0.97 (0.95–0.99)*

0.99 (0.97–1.02)

 

 Serum albumin (continuous)

0.44 (0.35–0.54)*

0.46 (0.34–0.61)*

0.46 (0.35–0.61)*

  1. (SGA Subjective Global Assessment, ECOG Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, CTCA Cancer Treatment Centers of America, PA Pennsylvania, IL Illinois, OK Oklahoma, BMI Body Mass Index, ngcpaml nanograms per milliliter, HR Hazard Ratio, CI Confidence Interval)
  2. *P < = 0.05