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Table 6 Correlates of adherence to recommendations (N = 236)

From: Prevalence and correlates of healthy lifestyle behaviors among early cancer survivors

 

Adherence to an increasing number of lifestyle recommendations

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Variable

B

(95 % CI)

p

B

(95 % CI)

p

B

(95 % CI)

p

B

(95 % CI)

p

Age

.000

(-.02; .02)

.962

.004

(-.13; .02)

.610

-.006

(-.02; .01)

.441

-.010

(-.02; .01)

.201

Female gender

.655

(.18; 1.13)

.007

.686

(.18; 1.19)

.008

.398

(-.60; .86)

.088

.462

(.02; .90)

.039*

Marital status: with partner

.566

(.08;1.06)

.024

.460

(-.55; .98)

.080

.284

(-.17; .74)

.221

.391

(-.44; .83)

.078

Education, low = ref

            

 Medium

.200

(-.19; .59)

.307

.215

(-.19; .62)

.291

.035

(-.33; .40)

.850

-.019

(-.37; .33)

.915

 High

.601

(.24; .96)

.001

.534

(.15; .92)

.006

.029

(-.34; .40)

.877

.117

(-.33; .47)

.517

Income, above average = ref.

            

 Average

.067

(-.28; .42)

.703

-.021

(-.38; .33)

.907

-.063

(-.38; .25)

.695

-.030

(-.33; .27)

.844

 Below average

.062

(-.40; .52)

.789

.037

(-.48; .56)

.889

-.203

(-.66; .26)

.384

-.083

(-.52; .36)

.709

Cancer type, other = ref

            

 Breast

.459

(-.12; 1.04)

.122

.281

(-.35; .91)

.381

.130

(-.43; .69)

.646

.046

(-.47; .60)

.813

 Colon

.291

(-.26; .84)

.296

.224

(-.37; 82)

.461

.087

(-.41;.62)

.744

.145

(-.36; .65)

.570

Treatment; all1 = ref

            

 Surgery alone

.076

(-.47; .60)

.805

-.004

(-.57; .56)

.988

.128

(-.39; .64)

.626

.033

(-.46; .52)

.894

 Surgery + chemo

.049

(-.31; .50)

.644

.053

(-.37; .47)

.803

.025

(-.35; .40)

.897

.027

(-.33; .39)

.882

 Surgery + radiation

-.467

(-.90; -.04)

.034

-.459

(-.91; -.01)

.046

-.209

(-.69; .11)

.157

-.264

(-.66; .14)

.195

 Other

.577

(-.11; 1.26)

.100

.573

(-.48; 1.44)

.123

.123

(-.53; 78)

.711

.107

(-.52; .73)

.736

Participating in aftercare

-.083

(-.41; .24)

.611

.006

(-.33; .35)

.971

-.123

(-.42; .18)

.420

-.105

(-.39; .18)

.472

Time after treatment

.009

(-.00; .02)

.098

.010

(-.01; .02)

.109

.009

(-.00; .02)

.091

.012

(.00; .02)

.024*

BMI

.021

(-.01; .06)

.230

.017

(-.02; .05)

.347

.013

(-.02; .05)

.445

.006

(-.03; .04)

.734

Glob. Health/QoL

-

–

–

–.012

(–.03; .01)

.080

–.010

(–.02; .00)

.086

–.009

(–.02; .00)

.115

Physical funct.

–

–

–

–.003

(–.02; .02)

.740

–.004

(–.02; .01)

.604

–.004

(–.02; .01)

.619

Role funct.

–

–

–

.014

(.03; .03)

.015

.010

(.01;.02)

.036

.010

(.00; .02)

.027*

Emotional funct.

–

–

–

.001

(–.01; .01)

.854

.006

(–.01; .02)

.320

.007

(–.00; .02)

.184

Cognitive funct.

–

–

–

–.012

(–.02; –.00)

.008

–.009

(–.02; –.00)

.030

–.009

(–.02; –.00)

.026*

Social funct.

–

–

–

–.004

(–.01; .01)

.493

–.004

(–.01; .01)

.364

–.004

(–.01; .01)

.400

Body Image

–

–

–

.002

(–.01; .01)

.658

.002

(–.01; .01)

.657

.002

(–.01; .01)

.554

Fatigue

–

–

–

.001

(–.01; .01)

.922

.000

(–.01; .01)

.980

.001

(–.01; .01)

.779

Nausea en Vomiting

–

–

–

–.010

(–.03; .01)

.254

–.010

(–.03; .01)

.198

–.005

(–.02; .01)

.517

Pain

–

–

–

.002

(–.01; .01)

.713

.005

(–.00; .01)

.243

.006

(–.00; .01)

.140

Dyspnea

–

–

–

–.006

(–.01; .00)

.124

.002

(–.01; .01)

.620

.001

(–.01; .01)

.799

Insomnia

–

–

–

–.002

(–.01; .00)

.576

.001

(–.01; .01)

.998

.001

(–.01; .01)

.992

Appetite loss

–

–

–

–.002

(–.01; .01)

.759

–.001

(–.01; .01)

.856

–.001

(–.01; .01)

.869

Constipation

–

–

–

–.006

(–.01; .00)

.202

–.002

(–.01; .01)

.653

–.002

(–.01; .00)

.544

Diarrhea

–

–

–

–.001

(–.01; .01)

.811

.001

(–.01; .01)

.862

–.001

(–.01; .01)

.824

Financial difficulties

–

–

–

–.005

(–.01; .00)

.268

–.003

(–.01; .01)

.983

–.002

(–.01; .01)

.531

Anxiety

–

–

–

–.033

(–.10; .03)

.325

–.007

(–.07; .05)

.818

–.018

(–.07; .04)

.531

Depression

–

–

–

–.016

(–.09; .05)

.652

–.049

(–.11; .01)

.127

–.024

(–.09; .04)

.445

Positive adjustment

–

–

–

.023

(.00; .05)

.048

.025

(.01; .05)

.016

.020

(.00; .04)

.045*

Negative adjustment

–

–

–

.007

(–.02; .05)

.648

.026

(–01; .05)

.058

.023

(–.00; .05)

.095

Illness perception

–

–

–

.005

(–.01; .02)

.573

.003

(–.01; .02)

.693

.002

(–.01; .02)

.825

PPO

–

–

–

.042

(–.16; .24)

.684

–.003

(–.19; .018)

.975

.006

(–.17; .18)

.944

NPO

–

–

–

.088

(–.12; .29)

.394

.115

(–.07; .30)

.216

.089

(–.09; .26)

.317

Alcohol: Attitude

–

–

–

–

–

–

.084

(–.03; .20)

.158

.020

(–.13; .17)

.783

 Social support

–

–

–

–

–

–

.000

(.00; .00)

.184

.000

(.00; .001)

.266

 Self–efficacy

–

–

–

–

–

–

.052

(–.06; .16)

.344

.053

(–.05; .16)

.306

Nutrition: Attitude

–

–

–

–

–

–

.373

(.17; .58)

.000

.265

(.06; .47)

.010*

 Social support

–

–

–

–

–

–

–.001

(–.00; .00)

.301

–.001

(–.00; .00)

.295

 Self–efficacy

–

–

–

–

–

–

.112

(–.06; .28)

.200

–.037

(–.21; .14)

.671

Physical Activity: Attitude

–

–

–

–

–

–

–.184

(–.46; .09)

.193

–.157

(–.44; .12)

.269

 Social support

–

–

–

–

–

–

–.001

(–.00; .00)

.170

–.001

(–.00; .00)

.206

 Self–efficacy

–

–

–

–

–

–

.104

(–.07; .27)

.227

.080

(–.09; .25)

.347

Smoking: Attitude

      

.153

(–.07; .38)

.184

.100

(–.13; .34)

.387

 Social support

–

–

–

–

–

–

.020

(–.06; .10)

.623

.000

(–.08; .08)

.993

 Self–efficacy

–

–

–

–

–

–

.323

(.17; .47)

.000

.330

(.19; 48)

.000**

Intention

            

 Alcohol cons.

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

.066

(–.05; .18)

.373

 Vegetable cons.

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

.112

(–.04; .26)

.144

 Fruit cons.

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

.263

(.13; .39)

.000**

 Physical activity

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

.045

(–.16; .25)

.668

 Smoking

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–.009

(–.12; .10)

.874

Constant B (SE)

.932 (.77)

.795 (1.85)

−2.728 (1.78)

−3.72 (1.72)

R2

.172

.289

.502

.567

Sig. F Change

.000

.109

.000

.000

  1. Note: From Sequential Multiple Regression (continuous outcomes) and Sequential Logistic Regression (smoking) entry step 4 is displayed. Forced entry (enter) method was used. Abbreviations: ExpB: odds ratio; ref: reference group; BMI: Body Mass Index; EORTC: European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer; QoL: Quality of Life; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; MAC: Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale; IPQ: Illness Perception Questionnaire; SPSIR–R:S Short Social Problem Solving Inventory–Revised; Chemo: chemotherapy; PPO: positive problem orientation; NPO: negative problem orientation; R2:correlation coefficient squared
  2. 1all = surgery + chemotherapy + radiation
  3. 2Dependent variable encoding: if participant is former smoker 1; if participant is current smoker 0 p–value of Wald test is presented
  4. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01