Fig. 5

Histone deacetylase inhibitors produced anti-tumor effects in thyroid cancer cell xenografts in vivo. Athymic nude mice with established tumors were treated with the indicated inhibitors. Data represent the mean tumor volumes. HNHA caused more powerful inhibition of tumor developement than did SAHA or TSA and followed in the greatest prolongation of survival in mice with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC; a, b) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC; c, d) xenografts (n = 10 mice/group). ‘No tumor + HNHA’ indicates HNHA-treated mice with no xenograft; no proof of treatment-related death or systemic toxicity was observed in HNHA-treated groups (b and d). The compounds had no significant effect on mouse body weight, as compared to the control group (e and f). Photomicrographs of the dissected tumors from the treated and control mice (g). Weights of the dissected tumors (h). Immunoblot analysis of total proteins isolated from the tumors (i). * P < 0.05 vs. Control, ** P < 0.01 vs. Control, *** P < 0.005 vs. Control