Table 5 Subgroup and sensitivity analyses

Overweight and obese at baseline (n = 80; BMI >25 kg/m²)

  Mean daily steps

8 week

−1370 (-2722 to -18.1)

960.1 (-158.5 to 2078.8)

1793.6 (131.5 to 3455.7)

0.0349

20 week

−1366 (-2903 to 170.7)

768.0 (-751.7 to 2287.7)

1597.2 (-267.8 to 3462.2)

  BMI (kg/m²)

8 week

0.03 (-0.2 to 0.3)

−0.8 (-1.4 to -0.2)

−0.8 (-1.5 to -0.2)

0.0181

20 week

−0.01 (-0.4 to 0.3)

−0.7 (-1.2 to -0.3)

−0.7 (-1.3 to -0.1)

  Weight (kgs)

8 week

0.06 (-0.6 to 0.8)

−2.1 (-3.7 to -0.6)

−2.2 (-3.9 to -0.5)

0.0157

20 week

−0.06 (-1.0 to 0.8)

−2.1 (-3.5 to -0.7)

−2.0 (-3.7 to -0.4)

  Waist circumference (cms)

8 week

−1.0 (-2.5 to 0.5)

−4.3 (-7.7 to -0.9)

−3.3 (-7.0 to 0.4)

0.0722

20 week

−2.6 (-5.0 to -0.2)

−2.4 (-7.7 to 2.9)

0.2 (-5.6 to 6.0)

Normal and underweight at baseline (n = 47; BMI < 25 kg/m²)

  Mean daily steps

8 week

−1312 (-2343 to -280.4)

209.7 (-786.9 to 1206.2)

1521.6 (87.3 to 2955.8)

0.1046

20 week

−1271 (-3018 to 476.)

−51.7 (-1711 to 1607.3)

1219.6 (-1190 to 3628.9)

  BMI (kg/m²)

8 week

0.02 (-0.3 to 0.3)

−0.1 (-0.3 to 0.1)

−0.1 (-0.5, 0.3)

0.7127

20 week

−0.05 (-0.5 to 0.4)

−0.2 (-0.5 to -0.02)

−0.2 (-0.7 to 0.3)

  Weight (kgs)

8 week

−0.02 (-0.9 to 0.9)

−0.2 (-0.7 to 0.3)

−0.2 (-1.2 to 0.8)

0.8127

20 week

−0.2 (-1.5 to 1.0)

−0.7 (-1.2 to -0.1)

−0.4 (-1.8 to 1.0)

  Waist circumference (cms)

8 week

−2.4 (-7.4 to 2.6)

−2.9 (-4.8 to -1.1)

−0.5 (-5.9 to 4.8)

0.7309

20 week

−1.2 (-3.9 to 1.5)

−2.3 (-4.2 to -0.4)

−1.2 (-4.4 to 2.1)

Other subgroups

  Processed meat (g/day) (consuming any processed meat; n = 123)

8 week

−1.8 (-6.3 to 2.7)

0.3 (-2.9 to 3.4)

−3.3 (-10.6 to 4.0)

0.6405

20 week

−2.8 (-9.8 to 4.2)

0.8 (-2.8 to 4.3)

−1.7 (-8.0 to 4.6)

  Red meat (g/day) (consuming any red meat; n = 126)

8 week

1.6 (-21.6 to 24.7)

−2.5 (-13.6 to 8.7)

−21.2 (-43.5 to 1.1)

0.3994

20 week

−5.9 (-29.6 to 17.8)

2.2 (-7.6 to 12.0)

−9.1 (-27.0 to 8.8)

  Alcohol (g/day) (consuming any alcohol; n = 126)

8 week

−0.4 (-2.1 to 1.3)

−2.4 (-5.0 to 0.2)

−3.4 (-8.4 to 1.5)

0.2361

20 week

−1.8 (-4.2 to 0.6)

−1.4 (-4.5 to 1.7)

−1.1 (-6.1 to 3.9)

  Percentage of energy intake from alcohol (consuming any alcohol; n = 126)

8 week

−0.3 (-1.4 to 0.8)

−1.1 (-2.2 to 0.1)

−0.7 (-3.1 to 1.7)

0.4335

20 week

−0.5 (-1.8 to 0.8)

−0.2 (-1.9 to 1.6)

0.4 (-2.3 to 3.1)

  Fruit serves/day (where baseline fruit consumption is less than recommended 2 serves/day; n = 93)

8 week

0.4 (0.2 to 0.6)

0.4 (0.1 to 0.7)

0.04 (-0.4 to 0.4)

0.5091

20 week

0.4 (0.2 to 0.6)

0.6 (0.3 to 1.0)

0.3 (-0.2 to 0.7)