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Table 2 Retinoblastoma in relation to maternal medical conditions and prescription drug use

From: A case–control study of sporadic retinoblastoma in relation to maternal health conditions and reproductive factors: a report from the Children’s Oncology group

 

Controls (n = 136)

Unilateral cases (n = 165)

Bilateral cases (n = 87)

  

Crudea

Adjustedb

 

Crudea

Adjustedb

Medical conditions

N (%)

N (%)

OR

OR (95 % CI)

N (%)

OR

OR (95 % CI)

Any medical condition

74 (47.7)

115 (61.5)

1.6

1.5 (0.9, 2.6)

57 (60.0)

1.6

1.2 (0.7, 2.3)

Infectious diseases

       

 Any infectious disease

32 (20.7)

44 (23.6)

1.1

1.0 (0.5, 1.7)

19 (20.0)

0.8

0.8 (0.4, 1.6)

 Respiratory infection

18 (11.6)

21 (11.2)

1.0

0.9 (0.4, 2.0)

7 (7.4)

0.5

0.4 (0.1, 1.2)

 Flu or cold

10 (6.5)

17 (9.1)

1.4

1.2 (0.5, 3.1)

3 (3.4)

0.4

0.3 (0.1, 1.4)

 Other viral infections

1 (0.7)

5 (2.7)

3.8

3.6 (0.3, 47.9)

2 (2.1)

2.2

3.7 (0.3, 3.5)

 Sexually transmitted infections

0 (0.0)

1 (0.5)

-

-

1 (1.1)

-

-

 All bacterial infections

18 (11.6)

24 (12.8)

1.1

1.1 (0.5, 2.4)

11 (11.6)

0.9

0.8 (0.3, 2.1)

 Urinary tract infections

6 (3.9)

9 (4.8)

1.1

0.8 (0.2, 3.0)

1 (1.1)

0.1

0.2 (0.1, 1.8)

 Mother took antibiotics in pregnancy

21 (13.6)

22 (11.8)

0.8

0.8 (0.3, 1.8)

10 (10.5)

0.6

0.5 (0.2, 1.4)

Chronic diseases

       

 High blood pressure

17 (11.0)

23 (12.3)

1.1

1.2 (0.5, 2.6)

11 (11.6)

1.2

1.0 (0.4, 2.6)

 Gestational high blood pressure

17 (11.0)

22 (11.8)

1.1

1.1 (0.5, 2.5)

11 (11.6)

1.2

1.0 (0.4, 2.6)

 Diabetes (any)

6 (3.9)

17 (9.1)

2.5

2.2 (0.8, 6.6)

8 (8.4)

1.8

1.9 (0.6, 6.6)

 Gestational diabetes

6 (3.9)

14 (7.5)

2.0

1.9 (0.6. 5.7)

8 (8.4)

1.8

1.9 (0.6, 6.6)

 Preeclampsia

7 (4.5)

9 (4.8)

1.1

1.1 (0.3, 4.4)

2 (2.1)

0.7

0.6 (0.1, 4.0)

Endocrine disorders

       

 Any thyroid problem

2 (1.3)

6 (3.2)

2.2

2.2 (0.4, 12.3)

2 (2.1)

1.0

0.8 (0.1, 7.5)

 Hypothyroidism

2 (1.3)

5 (2.7)

1.6

1.6 (0.3, 9.6)

2 (2.1)

1.0

0.8 (0.1, 7.4)

Pain and pain medication

       

 Back pain

4 (2.6)

11 (5.9)

2.5

3.4 (0.8, 14.4)

4 (4.2)

2.2

2.0 (0.3, 13.9)

 Pain medication

3 (1.9)

8 (4.3)

2.3

4.2 (0.8, 23.3)

7 (7.4)

6.0

9.0 (1.4, 56.4)

Other Diseases and conditions

       

 Depression/anxiety

5 (3.2)

10 (5.4)

2.2

3.3 (0.7, 14.8)

5 (5.3)

2.3

3.8 (0.7, 21.8)

 Anemia

1 (0.7)

6 (3.2)

4.5

2.8 (0.3, 27.0)

2 (2.1)

2.2

1.1 (0.1, 16.1)

 Allergy/asthma

8 (5.2)

13 (7.0)

1.3

1.3 (0.5, 3.7)

7 (7.4)

1.3

1.7 (0.5, 5.9)

  1. aAdjusted for the matching variable, child’s age at interview
  2. bAdjusted for child age at interview, mother’s race/ethnicity, mother’s educational attainment, household income, mother’s age at birth, and maternal smoking in the month before or during pregnancy
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