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Table 2 Characteristics associated with research discussion

From: Exploring research participation among cancer patients: analysis of a national survey and an in-depth interview study

Patient level factors

 Gender

n

%

OR

95 % CI

p-value

ORadja

95 % CI

p-value

  Male

9,348

28.9

(ref)

  

(ref)

  

  Female

11,008

30.9

1.05

1.01 – 1.08

0.01

0.85

0.80 – 0.89

< 0.001

 Age group

        

  16 – 25

98

38.1

1.51

1.16 – 1.96

0.002

1.41

0.96 – 2.07

0.08

  26 – 35

317

35.6

1.27

1.10 – 1.46

0.001

1.14

0.97 – 1.34

0.11

  36 – 50

2,249

37.0

1.32

1.24 – 1.40

< 0.001

1.15

1.05 – 1.27

0.004

  51 – 65

7,267

36.3

1.27

1.22 – 1.32

< 0.001

1.18

1.11 – 1.25

< 0.001

  66 – 75

6,802

30.9

(ref)

  

(ref)

  

  76+

2,891

19.3

0.54

0.52 – 0.57

< 0.001

0.58

0.54 – 0.62

< 0.001

 Ethnicity

        

  White

18,662

30.1

(ref)

  

(ref)

  

  Mixed

132

41.8

1.72

1.37 – 2.17

< 0.001

1.29

0.97 – 1.72

0.08

  Asian/Asian British

430

37.2

1.54

1.36 – 1.74

< 0.001

1.11

0.93 – 1.33

0.26

  Black/Black British

361

40.4

1.71

1.48 – 1.96

< 0.001

1.09

0.91 – 1.30

0.35

  Other

107

38.2

1.53

1.19 – 1.96

0.001

0.97

0.70 – 1.34

0.85

 Long-standing conditions b

        

  None

12,752

32.7

      

  Deafness/hearing impairment

1,642

24.0

0.70

0.66 – 0.74

< 0.001

0.93

0.87 – 1.00

0.05

  Blindness/partially sighted

347

23.2

0.69

0.61 – 0.78

< 0.001

0.92

0.81 – 1.05

0.20

  Physical condition

2,483

27.9

0.86

0.81 – 0.90

< 0.001

0.92

0.87 – 0.97

0.003

  Learning disability

82

29.3

1.04

0.80 – 1.35

0.78

0.88

0.63 – 1.22

0.43

  Mental health condition

355

26.9

0.85

0.75 – 0.96

0.01

0.79

0.69 – 0.91

0.001

  Long-standing illness c

2,269

26.1

0.78

0.74 – 0.82

< 0.001

0.88

0.83 – 0.94

< 0.001

Clinical level factors

 Tumour group

n

%

OR

95 % CI

p-value

ORadja

95 % CI

p-value

  Brain/CNS

255

35.4

1.02

0.88 – 1.20

0.77

0.69

0.53 – 0.88

0.004

  Breast

4,870

35.9

(ref)

  

(ref)

  

  Colorectal / Lower GI

2,670

30.9

0.81

0.77 – 0.86

< 0.001

0.91

0.81 – 1.02

0.12

  Gynaecological

1,016

26.9

0.67

0.62 – 0.73

< 0.001

0.64

0.55 – 0.75

< 0.001

  Haematological

3,842

33.9

0.94

0.90 – 0.99

0.03

0.85

0.72 – 1.01

0.06

  Head and Neck

659

27.6

0.71

0.64 – 0.78

< 0.001

0.59

0.47 – 0.73

< 0.001

  Lung

1,443

29.5

0.77

0.72 – 0.83

< 0.001

0.71

0.59 – 0.85

< 0.001

  Other

833

31.1

0.82

0.75 – 0.90

< 0.001

0.68

0.59 – 0.79

< 0.001

  Prostate

1,785

32.9

0.88

0.83 – 0.95

< 0.001

0.90

0.76 – 1.07

0.24

  Sarcoma

229

32.2

0.88

0.75 – 1.04

0.13

0.62

0.46 – 0.84

0.002

  Skin

316

17.7

0.38

0.34 – 0.43

< 0.001

0.35

0.25 – 0.47

< 0.001

  Upper GI

1,390

33.2

0.91

0.84 – 0.98

0.01

0.83

0.71 – 0.97

0.02

  Urological

1,048

15.4

0.33

0.30 – 0.35

< 0.001

0.33

0.28 – 0.39

< 0.001

 Time since 1 st treatment

        

  < 1 year

12,233

28.6

(ref)

  

(ref)

  

  1–5 years

5,721

35.4

1.41

1.35 – 1.46

< 0.001

1.44

1.34 – 1.55

< 0.001

  > 5 years

1,781

32.3

1.23

1.15 – 1.30

< 0.001

1.30

1.19 – 1.42

< 0.001

Trust level factors

 Trust type

n

%

OR

95 % CI

p-value

ORadja

95 % CI

p-value

  Small acute

1,384

24.5

0.99

0.92 – 1.06

0.71

1.01

0.88 – 1.18

0.85

  Medium acute

3,931

26.2

1.07

1.02 – 1.12

0.01

1.08

0.95 – 1.23

0.20

  Large acute

5,847

24.9

(ref)

  

(ref)

  

  Specialist

1,606

48.4

2.95

2.73 – 3.18

< 0.001

2.52

1.73 – 3.66

< 0.001

  Teaching

7,588

39.0

1.99

1.91 – 2.07

< 0.001

1.97

1.71 – 2.27

< 0.001

 Foundation status

        

  No

8,581

29.3

(ref)

  

(ref)

  

  Yes

11,775

31.2

1.10

1.07 – 1.14

< 0.001

0.97

0.88 – 1.08

0.60

 Location

        

  Outside London

16,576

28.7

      

  London

3,780

40.9

1.76

1.68 – 1.84

< 0.001

1.25

1.07 – 1.46

0.01

  1. Table 2 shows the characteristics of respondents who had discussions about taking part in cancer research and the association of these characteristics with research discussion by logistic regression. 5.3 % of respondents (n = 3,527) were unsure if staff had discussed taking part in research with them since their diagnosis
  2. GI = gastrointestinal; CNS = central nervous system
  3. aAdjusting for patient level (i.e. gender, age, ethnicity, specific longstanding conditions, sexual orientation, employment status), clinical level (i.e. tumour group, time since first treatment, response to treatment) and trust level factors (i.e. trust type, foundation status, London location)
  4. b The reference category for specific long-standing conditions was not having that long-standing condition
  5. c Such as (but not limited to) HIV, diabetes, chronic heart disease or epilepsy