Figure 2

Interferon signaling upstream regulator pathway, with subcellular compartmentalization indicated. The activated upstream regulators identified (orange) include interferons IFNα (dark blue dashed lines), IFNα2 (pink dashed lines), IFNβ (teal blue dashed lines), IFNγ (green dashed lines), IFNL1 (orange dashed lines), and IRF1 (red solid lines), and regulate many immune responses. Shapes filled with deeper shades of red and green denote human tumor genes that are up regulated (red) or down-regulated (green) by metronomic CPA to a greater extent as compared to lighter shades, as indicated by microarray analysis. Key at the bottom: shapes used to indicate the molecular class of each factor.