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Table 3 Hazard ratio (HR) of death and 95% confidence interval (CI) of HR* from multivariate Cox regression analysis for female breast cancer patients

From: Effects of payer status on breast cancer survival: a retrospective study

   

Hazard ratio, 95% CI

 

Group

Factor

Level

HR

Lower

Upper

p-value#

Demographic

Age (Years)

18-49

1

   

50-64

1.12

1.1

1.13

<.0001

65-74

1.66

1.63

1.69

<.0001

≥75

4.00

3.93

4.07

<.0001

Race

White

1

   

Black

1.31

1.29

1.33

<.0001

Others

0.78

0.75

0.8

<.0001

Education (%), did not graduate from high school

≥29

1

   

20-28

1

0.98

1.01

0.6894

14-19

0.96

0.95

0.98

<.0001

<14

0.89

0.88

0.91

<.0001

Clinical characteristic

Stage

Stage I

1

   

Stage II

1.82

1.8

1.84

<.0001

Stage III

4.5

4.45

4.56

<.0001

Stage IV

15.54

15.32

15.75

<.0001

Charlson Comorbidity

0

1

   

1

1.43

1.41

1.46

<.0001

≥2

2.27

2.19

2.34

<.0001

Unknown

1.24

1.22

1.25

<.0001

Access to health care

Payer Status

Uninsured

1

   

Private

0.64

0.62

0.65

<.0001

Medicaid

1.11

1.08

1.15

<.0001

Medicare

0.85

0.82

0.87

<.0001

Unknown

0.78

0.76

0.81

<.0001

Income ($1000)

<30

1

   

30-34

0.96

0.95

0.98

<.0001

35-45

0.95

0.94

0.96

<.0001

≥46

0.89

0.88

0.91

<.0001

Distance Travelled (Miles)

<10

1

   

10-24

0.97

0.96

0.98

<.0001

25-49

0.95

0.94

0.96

<.0001

50-99

0.93

0.91

0.95

<.0001

≥100

0.9

0.87

0.93

<.0001

Cancer Program

Community

1

   

Comprehensive

0.95

0.94

0.96

<.0001

Academic Research

0.90

0.89

0.92

<.0001

Others

1.08

1.05

1.11

<.0001

Diagnosing/Treating Facility

Same

1

   

Different

0.91

0.9

0.92

<.0001

Treatment Delay (Days)

0-5

1

   

6-20

0.93

0.92

0.94

<.0001

21-30

0.90

0.89

0.92

<.0001

≥31

0.98

0.96

0.99

<.0001

  1. *HR: Hazard Ratio of death. CI: Confidence Interval.
  2. #p-value: Chi-test of HR is significantly different from 1 (the reference group of each factor).
  3. For example, HR = 0.64 (0.62-0.65) for private payer status indicated that, adjusting for stage, age, race, etc. the patient with private payer status has a 36% (1–0.64 = 0.36) lower risk of dying compared to uninsured payer status.