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Table 2 Univariate analysis of CTC levels and conventional prognostic factors with overall survival

From: Circulating tumor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot study of detection, enumeration, and next-generation sequencing in cases and controls

HCC Cohort (n = 20)

Mean overall survival (months) (standard error)

Median overall survival (months) (95% CI)

pvalue (Log-Rank test)

CTC per 7.5 mL

   

  < 1.0 (n = 12)

10.96 (1.95)

11.29 (2,69, 16.06)

 

  1.0 (n = 8)

8.49 (3.63)

2.76 (0.72, 15.54)

0.6179

  <2.0 (n = 13)

10.37 (1.89)

10.32 (3.25, 12.91)

0.8021

  ≥2.0 (n = 7)

9.23 (4.11)

2.20 (0.72, 15.54)

0.8510

  <3.0 (n = 14)

9.74 (1.86)

9.45 (2.69, 12.91)

 

  ≥3.0 (n = 6)

10.50 (4.62)

8.26 (0.72, 29.14)

 

Median AFP (ng/mL)

   

  <400 (n = 10)

11.20 (2.29)

11.32 (2.69, 16.07)

0.4058

  ≥400 (n = 10)

8.73 (2.92)

5.39 (0.72, 14.32)

 

Macrovessel invasion

   

  No (n = 7)

10.12 (2.48)

10.32 (2.69, 12.91)

0.7493

  Yes (n = 13)

10.45 (2.82)

8.58 (1.58, 15.54)

 

Child Pugh score (%)

   

  A (n = 14)

10.69 (1.87)

11.32 (2.20, 15.54)

 

  B (n = 5)

9.29 (5.39)

3.25 (0.72, 29.14)

0.7181

  C (n = 1)

I

  

Etiology of liver disease (%)

   

  HBV (n = 5)

10.28 (3.83)

8.58 (2.20, 21.85)

 

  HCV (n = 9)

10.41 (1.96)

12.62 (1.91, 15.54)

0.9324

  HBV + HCV (n = 2)

I

I

 

  ETOH (n = 1)

I

I

 

  NAFLD (n = 2)

I

I

 

  Unknown (n = 1)

I

I

 
  1. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to determine the impact of CTC at each cut-point and conventional prognostic factors on overall survival. The CTC level, AFP value of 400 ng/mL, and presence of macrovessel invasion were used to dichotomize for univariate analyses. The Child Pugh score and etiology of liver disease were also examined. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically-significant under log-rank tests. No factor showed significance in univariate analysis though analyses were limited due to small small sample sizes. Key: CI = confidence interval. ETOH = alcohol. NAFLD = non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. I = sample size insufficient for analysis.