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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses in the two independent cohorts

From: Increased expression of colony stimulating factor-1 is a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma

Characteristic

Training cohort

Validation cohort

UnivariateP

Multivariate

UnivariateP

Multivariate

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

P

Cancer-specific survival

      

Age (years)

0.276

  

0.136

  

Gender (male vs female)

0.929

  

0.138

  

Tumor size (cm)

<0.001

1.071(0.973-1.180)

0.163

0.001

1.008(0.850-1.195)

0.932

TNM stage (III + IV vs I + II)

<0.001

3.847(2.195-6.743)

<0.001

<0.001

18.197(6.053-54.701)

<0.001

Fuhrman grade (3 + 4 vs 1 + 2)

0.001

2.308(1.342-3.970)

0.003

<0.001

3.648(1.314-10.126)

0.014

Necrosis (present vs absent)

0.015

1.183(0.657-2.127)

0.578

0.014

1.270(0.505-3.197)

0.614

ECOG PS (≥1 vs 0)

<0.001

2.750(1.496-5.056)

0.001

<0.001

7.059(2.233-22.311)

0.001

CSF-1 (high vs low)

0.004

2.609(1.432-4.755)

0.002

0.004

4.435(1.478-13.308)

0.008

Recurrence-free survival

      

Age (years)

0.113

  

0.661

  

Gender (male vs female)

0.972

  

0.726

  

Tumor size (cm)

0.001

1.081(0.981-1.191)

0.118

0.001

1.154(0.964-1.381)

0.121

TNM stage (III + IV vs I + II)

<0.001

3.095(1.779-5.383)

<0.001

<0.001

10.053(3.198-31.602)

<0.001

Fuhrman grade (3 + 4 vs 1 + 2)

0.002

2.196(1.282-3.760)

0.004

<0.001

2.957(1.197-7.306)

0.019

Necrosis (present vs absent)

0.012

1.180(0.649-2.145)

0.590

0.010

1.156(0.447-2.990)

1.156

ECOG PS (≥1 vs 0)

0.001

2.049(1.082-3.878)

0.028

0.037

5.103(1.494-17.428)

0.010

CSF-1 (high vs low)

0.006

2.075(1.168-3.687)

0.013

0.021

3.460(1.328-9.012)

0.012

  1. HR = Hazard Ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.