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Table 3 Risk of UGI cancer by FH of malignant tumor in first degree relatives and non-blood relatives*

From: Family history of cancer and risk for esophageal and gastric cancer in Shanxi, China

  

ESCC

GCA

GNCA

FH

Control (%)

Case (%)

OR (95% CI)

Case (%)

OR (95% CI)

Case (%)

OR (95% CI)

Any malignant tumor

       

First degree relative

334(22)

197(33)

1.72(1.39–2.12)

162(27)

1.32(1.06–1.64)

94(30)

1.52(1.15–1.99)

1 affected

294(19)

160(27)

1.58(1.26–1.98)

135(22)

1.25(0.99–1.58)

79(25)

1.43(1.07–1.92)

≥ 2 affected

40(3)

37(6)

2.76(1.73–4.40)

27(5)

1.83(1.10–3.03)

15(5)

2.15(1.16–3.98)

P trend

  

<0.001

 

0.005

 

0.001

Male

233(21)

126(34)

2.00(1.50–2.54)

132(27)

1.35(1.05–1.73)

78(33)

1.83(1.34–2.49)

Female

101(25)

71(32)

1.40(0.98–2.02)

30(28)

1.24(0.76–2.01)

16(21)

0.81(0.44–1.48)

< 50 yr

59(22)

41(38)

2.17(1.32–3.56)

22(33)

1.95(1.06–3.58)

28(36)

2.39(1.35–4.25)

≥ 50 yr

275(22)

156(32)

1.61(1.27–2.04)

140(26)

1.25(0.98–1.58)

66(28)

1.35(0.98–1.85)

Non-blood relative

58(4)

26(4)

1.08(0.66–1.76)

25(4)

1.02(0.62–1.66)

6(2)

0.61(0.26–1.46)

Any UGI cancer

       

First degree relative

170(11)

131(22)

2.28(1.77–2.95)

104(17)

1.62(1.24–2.12)

53(17)

1.65(1.17–2.33)

1 affected

162(11)

114(19)

2.08(1.59–2.71)

88(15)

1.43(1.08–1.90)

46(14)

1.50(1.05–2.15)

≥ 2 affected

8(1)

17(3)

6.37(2.82–15.6)

16(3)

5.35(2.26–12.7)

7(2)

4.78(1.68–13.6)

P trend

  

<0.001

 

<0.001

 

0.001

Male

124(11)

88(23)

2.59(1.90–3.54)

87(18)

1.66(1.23–2.23)

45(19)

1.89(1.29–2.77)

Female

46(11)

43(19)

1.85(1.16–2.92)

17(16)

1.52(0.82–2.80)

8(10)

0.98(0.43–2.20)

< 50 yr

34(12)

23(21)

1.84(1.01–3.35)

10(15)

1.23(0.56–2.68)

17(22)

2.34(1.18–4.65)

≥ 50 yr

136(11)

108(22)

2.37(1.78–3.16)

94(18)

1.70(1.28–2.27)

36(15)

1.51(1.01–2.26)

Non-blood relative

26(2)

12(2)

1.11(0.54–2.24)

13(2)

1.17(0.59–2.32)

3(1)

0.73(0.22–2.45)

Esophageal cancer

       

First degree relative

97(6)

95(16)

2.84(2.09–3.86)

52(9)

1.34(0.94–1.91)

28(9)

1.56(0.99–2.43)

1 affected

93(6)

83(14)

2.53(1.84–3.50)

43(7)

1.15(0.79–1.68)

25(8)

1.44(0.90–2.30)

≥ 2 affected

4(0.3)

13(2)

10.0(3.24–31.2)

9(2)

5.75(1.74–19.0)

3(1)

4.54(0.96–21.6)

P trend

  

<0.001

 

0.022

 

0.026

Father

52(3)

40(7)

2.01(1.31–3.10)

23(4)

1.06(0.64–1.76)

13(4)

1.27(0.68–2.38)

Mother

29(2)

34(6)

3.27(1.96–5.47)

19(3)

1.69(0.93–3.07)

14(4)

2.52(1.30–4.89)

Sibling

21(1)

35(6)

4.66(2.67–8.13)

20(3)

2.36(1.26–4.41)

4(1)

1.14(0.38–3.40)

Non-blood relative

9(0.6)

7(1)

1.86(0.68–5.10)

6(1)

1.49(0.52–4.26)

1(0.3)

0.76(0.09–6.16)

Gastric cardia cancer

25(2)

23(4)

2.45(1.37–4.39)

28(5)

2.87(1.65–5.00)

12(4)

2.35(1.16–4.79)

Gastric noncardia cancer

51(3)

19(3)

0.95(0.56–1.64)

31(5)

1.54(0.97–2.44)

17(5)

1.52(0.86–2.69)

Any non- UGI tumor

       

First degree relative

164(11)

66(11)

0.98(0.72–1.33)

58(10)

0.92(0.67–1.27)

41(13)

1.22(0.84–1.76)

Non-blood relative

32(2)

14(2)

1.05(0.55–2.01)

12(2)

0.90(0.46–1.77)

3(1)

0.54(0.16–1.80)

  1. *The reference group for each analysis, the group of individuals with negative family history, is omitted from this table;
  2. ORs adjusted for age, gender, and geographic region; First degree relatives: father, mother, and siblings; Non-blood relatives: spouse, adopted or step-parents, and adopted brother