Prognostic relevance of Wnt-inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) and Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) promoter methylation in human breast cancer

Table 4 Multivariate Cox regression analysis of DKK3 promoter methylation with regard to overall survival

			Multivariate analysis Overall survival (global model)			Multivariate analysis Overall survival (reverse selection procedure²)
Variable			HR	95% CI¹	P	HR	95% CI¹	P
Age at diagnosis	<57 years	0	1.0			1.0
	≥ 57 years	1	1.78	0.63 – 4.99	0.276	2.27	0.85 – 6.07	0.104
Tumor size	pT1-2	0	1.0
	pT3-4	1	0.83	0.25 – 2.78	0.766
Lymph nodes	pN0	0	1.0			1.0
	pN1-3	1	5.47	1.46 – 20.53	0.012	4.50	1.26 – 15.87	0.021
Histological grade	G1	0	1.0			1.0
	G2-G3	1	4.36	1.54 – 12.40	0.006	4.50	1.57 – 12.87	0.005
Histological type	ductal	0	1.0
	other	1	0.46	0.09 – 2.22	0.330
Estrogen receptor	negative	0	1.0			1.0
	positive	1	0.51	0.18 – 1.47	0.214	0.43	0.17 – 1.09	0.426
Progesterone receptor	negative	0	1.0
	positive	1	0.57	0.21 – 1.54	0.270
DKK3 promoter	unmethylated	0	1.0			1.0
	methylated	1	14.41	1.86 – 111.56	0.011	13.68	1.77–105.52	0.012

¹Confidence interval (CI) on the estimated hazard ratio (HR). ²Only terms that remained in the model after reverse selection are listed. All variables were stratified binary according to Table 3.

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