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Table 2 Histological and molecular features of carcinomas

From: Colorectal carcinomas in MUTYH-associated polyposis display histopathological similarities to microsatellite unstable carcinomas

Characteristics

Colon carcinomas

 

MAP

Sporadic CRC

Sporadic MSI-high

Lynch (based on MMR mutations)

Average age at CRC

 

49 years [CS]

59 years11

68 years

67–75 years

47 years

TNM stage

III or IV

34% (51/148)

55% (10/18)[1]

42% (1781/4193)

43% (19/44)

15% (15/101)

Proximal location

 

69% (35/51) [CS]

29% (7/24)11

43% (16/37)4

46% (6/13)31

23% (1887/8129)

75% (308/411)

67% (74/111)

(Meta) synchronous CRC

 

23% (10/44) [CS]

33% (6/18)11

26% (8/29)4

2% (14/832)

 

18% (7/38)

Poor Differentiation

 

26% (11/42) [CS]

22% (5/23)11

100% (16/16)31

10% (765/7590)

41% (203/501)

38% (38/101)

Mucinous

(>50%)

21% (9/42) [CS]

13% (3/23)11

0% (0/16)31

12% (292/2480)

28% (104/376)

35% (40/113)

Crohn's like

infiltrate

Conspicuous

33% (13/40) [CS]

31% (5/16)31

28% (586/2059)

54% (318/589)

49% (37/76)

Necrosis

 

40% (16/40) [CS]

77% (356/465)

17% (9/52)

 

TILs*

Present (moderate and marked)

74% (31/42) [CS]

50% (8/16)31

24% (338/1406)

58% (155/268)

33% (4/12)

 

Marked

17% (7/42) [CS]

4% (34/889)

29% (63/218)

17% (2/12)

APC

Mutations ( † MCR, ‡ also outside the MCR)

14% (5/36) [CS]†

43% (6/14)11‡

83% (5/6)31†

63% (459/724)† *

52% (281/539)‡

5% (1/21)†

41% (56/136)‡

33%(6/18)‡

KRAS

Mutations codon 12/13

64% (23/36) [CS]

64% (9/14)11

29% (1090/3710)

20% (56/280)

34% (91/267)

Beta-catenin ( CTNNB1 )

Nuclear staining

11% (4/35) [CS]

71% (12/17)11

77% (138/179)

13% (4/31)

59% (40/68)

 

Mutations

0% (0/16)5

5% (30/610)

7% (2/27)

20% (11/56)

P53

Nuclear staining

>25%

34% (12/35) [CS]

53% (8/15)11

57% (668/1167)

15% (20/130)

72% (23/32)

 

Mutations

60% (9/15) [CS]

21% (3/14)11

43% (1808/4299)

22% (21/95)

22% (2/9)

SMAD4

Mutations

26% (5/19) [CS]

0% (0/14)11

22% (17/77)

 

18% (2/11)

MSI

High

0% (0/33) [CS]

0% (0/17)11

18% (2/11)31

33% (1/3)43

12% (227/1834)

 

90% (88/98)

  1. CS = current study, MAP = MUTYH-associated polyposis, MSS= microsatellite stable, MSI = microsatellite instability, TIL = Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes, MCR = mutation cluster region. *Relative large proportion of missense mutations (29%) in study by Luchtenborg et al as compared to other studies, explaining the high overall percentage of APC mutations in the MCR only group. See Additional file 1 online for more details and article references.
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