CYP17, GSTP1, PON1 and GLO1gene polymorphisms as risk factors for breast cancer: an Italian case-control study

Table 8 Associations between PON1 Q192R and L55M genotypes and breast cancer

PON1 Q192R	QQ	QR	RR	QR and RR
Premenopausal
Controls, n (%)	144 (62.6)	64 (27.8)	22 (9.6)	86 (37.4)
Cases by stage
Local, n (%)	70 (63.6)	30 (27.3)	10 (9.1)	40 (36.4)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	0.96 (0.55–1.60)	0.94 (0.32–2.17)^b	0.95 (0.60–1.62)
Advanced, n (%)	65 (84.4)	11 (14.3)	1 (1.3)	12 (15.6)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	0.42 (0.23–0.86)	0.23 (0.06–0.85)^c	0.33 (0.14–0.60)
Postmenopausal
Controls, n (%)	196 (62.4)	88 (28.0)	30 (9.6)	118 (37.6)
Cases by stage
Local, n (%)	221 (96.9)	6 (2.6)	1 (0.50)	7 (3.1)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	0.06 (0.01–0.12)	0.04 (0.00–0.23)^d	0.05 (0.00–0.10)
Advanced, n (%)	128 (96.9)	3 (2.3)	1 (0.8)	4 (3.1)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	0.04 (0.01–0.16)	0.02 (0.00–0.25)^e	0.05 (0.01–0.11)
PON1 L55M	LL	LM	MM	LM and MM
Premenopausal
Controls, n (%)	78 (33.9)	70 (30.4)	82 (35.7)	152 (66.1)
Cases by stage
Local, n (%)	16 (14.6)	25 (22.7)	69 (62.7)	94 (85.4)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	1.71 (0.78–2.99)	4.12 (2.13–7.98)^f	3.05 (1.63–5.78)
Advanced, n (%)	14 (18.2)	8 (10.4)	55 (71.4)	63 (81.8)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	0.62 (0.22–1.70)	3.71 (1.80–7.53)^g	2.28 (1.12–4.49)
Postmenopausal
Controls, n (%)	110 (35.0)	55 (17.5)	149 (47.5)	204 (65.0)
Cases by stage
Local, n (%)	49 (21.5)	52 (22.8)	127 (55.7)	179 (78.5)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	2.15 (1.28–3.75)	1.94 (1.26–2.98)^h	1.88 (1.20–2.59)
Advanced, n (%)	28 (21.2)	30 (22.7)	74 (56.1)	104 (78.8)
OR (95% CI)^a	1.0	2.16 (1.15–4.22)	1.98 (1.19–3.36)ⁱ	2.00 (1.18–3.29)

^aAdjusted for age, age at menarche, age at FFTP, number of full term pregnancies, first-degree family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, use of oral contraceptives, WHR, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), alcohol consumption, smoking habits, level of education and postmenopausal use of estrogen. ^bP for trend = 0.31; ^cP for trend = 0.02; ^{d, e , f, g, h, i}P for trend = 0.003.