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Table 5 Mean values (CI) for HAD scores before treatment (baseline) and follow-up and p-values and effect sizes for changes at follow-up compared to baseline

From: Self evaluation of communication experiences after laryngeal cancer – A longitudinal questionnaire study in patients with laryngeal cancer

HAD

Base, n = 100

1 mo, n = 95

2 mo, n = 86

3 mo, n = 81

6 mo, n = 75

12 mo, n = 71

Anxiety*

5.4 (4.5–6.3)

4.1 (3.2–5.0)

3.1 (2.4–3.8)

4.5 (2.8–4.3)

3.4 (2.5–4.4)

3.2 (2.2–4.1)

   p /ES

 

0.00/0.31

0.00/0.50

0.00/0.37

0.00/0.41

0.00/0.51

Depression*

3.7 (3.0–4.5)

4.0 (3.2–4.8)

3.2 (2.6–3.8)

2.9 (2.3–3.5)

2.8 (2.0–3.6)

2.5 (1.7–3.3)

   p /ES

 

ns/0.12

ns/0.03

ns/0.08

ns/0.07

ns/0.20

  1. *Min-max score 0–21
  2. p-value significant at ≤ 0.05, ns = not significant
  3. Effect size (ES) of change was calculated as mean change from baseline, divided by the standard deviation of change. Criteria: trivial 0 to < 0.20; small 0.20 to < 0.50; moderate 0.50 to < 0.80; and large ≥ 0.80