Father's occupational exposure to carcinogenic agents and childhood acute leukemia: a new method to assess exposure (a case-control study)

Table 1 Association of different factors with acute leukemia in children from Mexico City

Variables	Cases (N = 193)		Controls (N = 193)		Crude OR [95% CI]
	N	%	N	%
Type of leukemia
ALL	163	84.5
AML	30	15.5
Institution
IMSS	122	63.2	124	64.2
SSa	71	36.8	69	35.8
Family history of cancer	88	45.6	67	34.7	1.58 [1.05,2.38]
Sex: Male	110	57.0	115	59.6	0.90 [0.60,1.35]
Age: 2–5 years old	59	30.6	53	27.5	1.16 [0.75,1.81]
Child's weight at birth: >3,500 g	60	31.1	56	29.0	1.10 [0.71,1.71]
High crowding	80	41.5	71	36.8	1.22 [0.81,1.83]
Paternal age during pregnancy: >35 years old	26	13.5	24	12.4	1.10 [0.61,1.99]
Maternal age during pregnancy: >35 years old	13	6.7	16	8.3	0.80 [0.37,1.71]
Paternal alcohol consumption before pregnancy	172	89.1	172	89.1	1.00 [0.53,1.90]
Maternal alcohol consumption before pregnancy	139	72.0	154	79.8	0.65 [0.41,1.04]
Paternal cigarette smoking before pregnancy	118	61.1	105	54.4	1.32 [0.88,1.98]
Paternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy	107	55.4	88	45.6	1.49 [0.99,2.22]
Paternal cigarette smoking after pregnancy	117	60.6	110	57.0	1.16 [0.77,1.74]
Maternal cigarette smoking before pregnancy	35	18.1	49	25.4	0.65 [0.40,1.06]
Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy	7	3.6	10	5.2	0.69 [0.26,1.85]
Maternal cigarette smoking during breastfeeding	9	4.7	3	1.6	3.10 [0.83,11.62]
Exposure to carcinogenic agents at home	46	23.8	29	15.0	1.77 [1.06,2.96]

ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; IMSS, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; SSa, Secretaria de Salud; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval

ISSN: 1471-2407