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Table 4 Odds ratios for pancreatic cancer with 95% confidence intervals by Helicobacter pylori serology stratified for smoking status and alcohol consumption (no reference categories shown in table)

From: A prospective study of Helicobacter pylori in relation to the risk for pancreatic cancer

Factors

Smoking status

Alcohol consumption **

 

Never smoker

Current smoker

Former smoker

Low risk

Intermediate risk

High risk

 

Cont

Case*

Cont

Case*

Cont

Case*

Cont

Case*

Cont

Case*

Cont

Case*

H. pylori positive (n)

25

7

50

24

25

8

47

20

41

17

7

2

H. pylori negative (n)

63

6

65

31

35

11

82

15

72

25

7

5

H. pylori (crude)

2.94 (0.90–9.61)

1.01 (0.53–1.92)

1.02 (0.36–2.90)

2.33 (1.09–4.97)

1.19 (0.58–2.47)

0.40 (0.057–2.80)

H. pylori + age

2.95 (0.89–9.81)

1.01 (0.53–1.92)

1.01 (0.35–2.87)

2.31 (1.08–4.97)

1.20 (0.58–2.48)

0.42 (0.058–3.04)

H. pylori + sex

3.04 (0.91–10.18)

1.01 (0.53–1.93)

0.99 (0.35–2.86)

2.33 (1.09–4.98)

1.23 (0.59–2.55)

0.34 (0.048–2.46)

H. pylori + time to analysis

3.40 (0.99–11.72)

1.00 (0.52–1.91)

1.07 (0.37–3.08)

2.32 (1.08–4.96)

1.25 (0.60–2.61)

0.37 (0.052–2.69)

H. pylori + BMI***

3.77 (1.05–13.48)

1.00 (0.52–1.92)

1.20 (0.41–3.53)

2.33 (1.09–4.97)

1.19 (0.57–2.46)

0.30 (0.035–2.61)

H. pylori + alcohol**

3.81 (1.06–13.63)

1.03 (0.53–1.99)

1.19 (0.39–3.61)

-

-

-

H. pylori + smoking status

-

-

-

2.13 (0.97–4.69)

1.29 (0.61–2.73)

0.29 (0.035–2.40)

H. pylori + all covariates

4.97 (1.23–20.10)

1.01 (0.52–1.97)

1.52 (0.45–5.10)

2.19 (0.98–4.88)

1.38 (0.64–2.98)

0.24 (0.023–2.48)

  1. *Controls/Cases
  2. **Alcohol consumption estimated by the Malmö modification of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. OR in subjects with missing alcohol consumption data are not reported due to small number of controls (n = 7) and cases (n = 3).
  3. ***BMI, body mass index