Table 2 Risk factors of MIBC as calculated by risk estimate analysis.
From: Muscle invasive bladder cancer in Upper Egypt: the shift in risk factors and tumor characteristics
| Â | p-value | OR | (95%CI) |
Positive family history of bladder cancer | p < 0.001 | 13.8 | (4–47.7) |
Exposure to pesticides | p < 0.001 | 9.4 | (5.6–15.8) |
Exposure to fertilizers | p < 0.001 | 7.5 | (4.4–12.8) |
Bladder stones | p < 0.001 | 7.0 | (3.5–14.2) |
Parents' consanguinity | p < 0.001 | 6.3 | (3.9–10.4) |
Recurrent cystitis | p < 0.001 | 6.1 | (3.4–11.1) |
Bilharziasis | p < 0.001 | 5.8 | (3.3–10.4) |
Smoking | p < 0.001 | 5.3 | (3.2–8.7) |