Skip to main content

Table 2 Adjusteda odds ratios (OR) for esophageal cancer, and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma, according to alcohol consumption

From: Esophageal cancer risk by type of alcohol drinking and smoking: a case-control study in Spain

 

No. of controls

All esophageal cancer cases

Esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma cases

  

Cases

ORa

95% CI

Cases

ORa

95% CI

Alcohol Drinking Status

       

   Never<

171

16

1.00

 

6

1.00

 

   Ever

284

186

2.41

(1.24 – 4.71)

154

5.34

(2.05 – 13.91)

   Never

171

16

1.00

 

6

1.00

 

   Former drinker

49

38

4.28

(1.92 – 9.56)

31

11.03

(3.73 – 32.62)

   Current drinker

235

148

2.06

(1.04 – 4.08)

123

4.48

(1.69 – 11.83)

Average of pure ethanol (g/day)

       

   Never

171

16

1.00

 

6

1.00

 

   Former drinker

49

38

5.40

(2.43 – 12.00)

31

16.03

(5.34 – 48.07)

   1–24 g/d

147

27

1.16

(0.54 – 2.49)

12

1.71

(0.56 – 5.20)

   25–74 g/d

62

45

2.89

(1.29 – 6.48)

38

8.02

(2.64 – 24.40)

   ≥ 75 g/d

26

75

7.65

(3.16 – 18.49)

72

23.20

(7.19 – 74.90)

p-value for linear trend

   

<0.00001

  

<0.00001

Type of drink (g/day)

       

   Never

171

16

1.00

 

6

1.00

 

   Only wine

65

12

1.20

(0.49 – 2.91)

7

1.92

(0.56 – 6.64)

   Only beer

26

8

3.07

(1.06 – 8.90)

6

7.98

(2.13 – 29.92)

   Only wine and/or beer

67

15

1.44

(0.59 – 3.47)

9

2.49

(0.73 – 88.46)

   All types of beverages

126

151

4.39

(2.08 – 9.22)

132

12.15

(4.17 – 34.56)

   Never

171

16

1.00

 

6

1.00

 

   Former drinker

49

38

5.50

(2.47 – 12.27)

31

16.74

(5.53 – 50.67)

   Wine and/or Beer 1–24 g/d

107

14

1.04

(0.45 – 2.41)

6

1.48

(0.43 – 5.05)

   Wine and/or Beer ≥ 25 g/d

30

13

2.04

(0.76 – 5.46)

11

5.48

(1.52 – 19.71)

   All types 1–24 g/d

40

13

1.53

(0.58 – 4.01)

6

2.47

(0.62 – 9.86)

   All types ≥ 25 g/d

58

108

5.76

(2.59 – 12.83)

100

17.22

(5.68 – 52.21)

All types 25–74 g/d

40

39

3.88

(1.64 – 9.15)

32

10.47

(3.26 – 33.64)

All types ≥ 75 g/d

18

69

10.62

(4.14 – 27.24)

68

35.03

(10.28 – 119.31)

p-value for linear trend

   

<0.0001

  

<0.0001

Years of alcohol drinking

       

   0

171

16

1.00

 

6

1.00

 

   1–19

16

15

4.06

(1.37 – 12.00)

11

8.21

(2.08 – 32.32)

   20–39

121

92

2.96

(1.42 – 6.14)

76

6.28

(2.27 – 17.35)

   ≥ 40

129

71

1.71

(0.80 – 3.61)

62

3.99

(1.41 – 11.24)

p-value for linear trend

   

0.316

  

0.036

Age at starting

       

   <18 yr

51

43

1.00

 

39

1.00

 

   18–20 yr

88

50

1.94

(0.88 – 4.27)

40

0.63

(0.29 – 1.37)

   21–29 yr

59

34

1.04

(0.53 – 2.02)

31

0.83

(0.34 – 2.02)

   ≥ 30 yr

72

52

1.71

(0.86 – 3.40)

40

0.91

(0.36 – 2.29)

Years since quitting

       

   Current Drinker

235

148

1.00

 

123

1.00

 

   <5 yr

12

16

3.60

(1.34 – 9.69)

14

5.89

(2.01 – 17.25)

   ≥ 5 yr

37

22

1.71

(0.86 – 3.41)

17

1.70

(0.79 – 3.66)

  1. a Adjusted for sex, age, educational level, province and tobacco smoking (never, past, <20, 20–49 and ≥ 50 pack-years), the energy-adjusted intake of fruit and vegetable in tertiles, and energy intake.