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Table 1 Summary of candidate reference genes.

From: Identification of genes for normalization of real-time RT-PCR data in breast carcinomas

Symbol

Gene name (Assay ID)

Function

Location

Assay location (amplicon size)

PG¥

A/CB #

RPLP0 NM_053275.3

Ribosomal protein, large, P0 (Hs99999902_m1)

Structural protein of ribosomes

12q24.2

325* (105)

+

(-/+)

TBP NM_003194.3

TATA box binding protein (Hs00427620_m1)

Transcription factor; DNA-dependent transcription initiation from Pol II promoter

6q27

730 (91)

-

(-/-)

PUM1 NM_001020658.1

Pumilio homolog (Drosophila) (Hs00982765_m1)

RNA binding; translation factor.

1p35.2

1757 (68)

-

(-/-)

ACTB NM_001101.2

β-actin (Hs99999903_m1)

Cytoskeletal structural protein involved in various types of cell motility

7p22-p12

36* × • (171)

+

(-/+)

GUS-B NM_000181.1

Glucoronidase, beta (Hs99999908_m1)

Hydrolase; carbohydrate metabolism.

7q21.11

1816 (81)

-

(-/NI)

ABL1 NM_005157.3

v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (Hs00245443_m1)

Protein kinase; regulation of cell cycle, mismatch repair, DNA damage response

9q34.1

85 (54)

-

(-/NI)

GAPDH NM_002046.3

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Hs99999905_m1)

Oxidoreduct-ase; glucose metabolism

12p13.31-p13.1

158* × • (122)

-

(+/NI)

B2M NM_004048.2

β-2-microglobulin (Hs00187842_m1)

Major histocompati-bility complex antigen class 1 receptor activity

15q21-q22

128 (64)

-

(-/NI)

  1. NI: not investigated.
  2. ¥: PG = pseudogenes. BLAT search to identify pseudogenes of potential amplicons. See materials and methods for criteria.
  3. #: Experimentally observed to A = amplify gDNA or CB = competitive binding of primers or probe with gDNA.
  4. *: amplicon does not cross exon-exon boundaries.
  5. ×: known pseudogenes exist. These genes have been designed to amplify a region of the 5'UTR.
  6. : SNP(s) are located under a primer or probe sequence