Author/Year | Country | Sex | Cancer (s) included | Timing of measurement glucose | Method for glucose assessment | Study type | Cases | Age range | Adjusted for | Main finding |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yun et al. 2012 [77] | Korea | Male | Prostate | Fasting | Hitachi 7600 automatic chemical analyser using hexokinase method | Case control# | 166 | 66.4 (mean) | Age, BMI | OR for 2nd and 3rd tertile compared to 1st tertile: 1.63 (95% CI: 0.92-2.88) and 1.70 (95% CI: 0.91-3.18) |
Albanes et al. 2009 [78] | Finland | Male | Prostate | Fasting | Hitachi 912 Chemistry Analyzer using the hexokinase reagent | Case cohort | 100 | 50-69 | Age, BMI | OR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared to 1st quartile: 1.33 (95% CI: 0.72-2.48), 0.95 (95% CI: 0.46-1.86), and 1.43 (95% CI: 0.76-2.68) |
Chung et al. 2006 [79] | Korea | Both | Colorectal | Fasting | Enzymatic colorimetric test | Case control# | 105 | 35-75 | Age, sex, BMI, triglycerides, cholesterol | OR for 2nd and 3rd tertile compared to 1st tertile: 2.0 (95% CI: 0.9-4.4) and 3.0 (95% CI: 0.9-9.8) |
Jee et al. 2005 Male [5] | Korea | Male | All Cancers | Fasting | Not specified | Cohort | 37759 | 45.3 (mean) | Age, age squared, amount of smoking, alcohol use | HR for 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th quintile compared to 1st quintile: 1.01 (95% CI: 0.99-1.04), 1.13 (95% CI: 1.09-1.17), 1.16 (95% CI: 1.08-1.24), and 1.22 (95% CI: 1.16-1.27) |
Jee et al. 2005 Female [5] | Korea | Female | All Cancers | Fasting | Not specified | Cohort | 16074 | 49.6 (mean) | Age, age squared, amount of smoking, alcohol use | HR for 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th quintile compared to 1st quintile: 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99-1.06), 1.03 (95% CI: 0.96-1.10), 1.03 (95% CI: 0.93-1.13), and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01-1.25) |
Hsing et al. 2003 [80] | China | Male | Prostate | Fasting | Radioimmunoassay with sensitivity limit of 0.5Â ng/mL | Case control* | 128 | N/S | Age, total calories, BMI | OR for 2nd and 3rd tertile compared to 1st quartile: 0.81 (95% CI: 0.46-1.44), and 1.68 (95% CI: 1.01-2.80) |
Wulaningsih et al. 2013 [81] | Sweden | Both | All Cancers | Non specified | Enzymatically with a glucose oxidase/peroxidase method | Cohort | 1021 | 20> | Age, gender, socioeconomic status, fasting,co-morbidities | HR: 1.08 (95% CI: 1.02-1.14) per standardized log of glucose |
Cust et al. 2007 [82] | Western Europe | Female | Endometrial | Non specified | Enzymatic colorimetric test | Case control* | 284 | 59.9 (mean) | Study centre, menopausal status, age, time of day of blood collection, fasting status, phase of menstrual cycle (pre menopausal) | OR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared to 1st quartile: 1.01 (95% CI: 0.58-1.74), 1.59 (95% CI: 0.89-2.83), and 1.62 (95% CI: 0.89-2.95) |
Limburg et al. 2006 [83] | Finland | Male | Colorectal | Fasting | Hitachi 912 Chemistry Analyzer using the hexokinase reagent | Case cohort | 134 | 50-69 | Smoking pack years, BMI, protein intake, fat intake, fibre intake, alcohol consumption, caloric intake, history of DM, occupational physical activity | HR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared to 1st quartile: 1.19 (95% CI: 0.58-2.43), 1.95 (95% CI: 0.97-3.91), and 1.65 (95% CI: 0.78-3.49) |
Stolzenberg-Solomon et al. 2005 [84] | Finland | Male | Pancreatic | Fasting | Assay performed on a chemical analyser | Case cohort | 169 | 52-69 | Age, years of smoking and BMI | HR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared to 1st quartile: 1.15 (95% CI: 0.66-2.02), 1.49 (95% CI: 0.86-2.59), and 1.69 (95% CI: 0.97-2.94) |
Yamada 1998 et al. [85] | Japan | Both | Colorectal | Fasting | Enzymatically using commercially available kits | Case control* | 129 | 34-73 | Age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption | OR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared to 1st quartile: 1.0 (95% CI: 0.6-1.7), 0.7 (95% CI: 0.3-1.5), and 2.0 (0.9-4.4) |
Schoen et al. 1999 [86] | USA | Both | Colorectal | Fasting | Â | Cohort | 102 | 65 > | Age, sex, physical activity | Â |
Zhang et al. 2010 [87] | China | Female | Endometrial | Fasting | Abbott Aeroset TM fully Automatic Biochemical Analyzer | Case control# | 942 | N/A | Menopausal status, BMI | OR: 4.34 (95% CI: 3.48-5.42) for high versus low serum glucose levels |
Gunter et al. 2009 [88] | USA | Female | Breast | Fasting | Assay with sensitivity of 0.5Â mg/dL | Case cohort | 835 | 50-79 | Age, race, alcohol consumption, smoking, FHx breast cancer, parity,age at menarche, age at first childs birth,use of OCP, NSAIDs, HRT, educational attainment, endogenous estrodiol levels, BMI, physical activity | HR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quantile compared to 1st quantile: 1.14 (95% CI: 0.82-1.59), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.70-1.38), and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.65-1.29) |
Sieri et al. 2012 [89] | Italy | Female | Breast | Fasting | Enzymatic UV test using a fully automated system with sensitivity of 0.04Â mmol/L | Case control* | 356 | 35-69 | Age, education, age at first birth, age at menarche, parity, FHx breast cancer, OCP, breastfeeding, alcohol intake, smoking | OR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared to 1st quartile: 1.18 (95% CI: 0.84-1.66), 1.29 (95% CI: 0.89-1.86), and 1.63 (95% CI: 1.14-2.32) |
Gunter et al. 2008 [44] | USA | Female | Colorectal | Fasting | Assay with sensitivity of 0.5Â mg/dL | Case cohort | 438 | 50-79 | Age | HR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quantile compared to 1st quantile: 0.94 (95% CI: 0.66-1.34), 0.91 (95% CI: 0.63-1.30), and 1.16 (95% CI: 0.83-1.63) |
Van Hemelrijck et al. 2011 [90] | Sweden | Both | Renal | Mixed | Enzymatically with a glucose-oxidaseperoxidase method | Cohort | 958 | 55.4 (mean) | Age, gender, creatinine, triglycerides, total cholesterol, fasting status, SES | HR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared to 1st quartile: 0.97 (95% CI: 0.77-1.21), 1.09 (95% CI: 0.88-1.35), and 1.19 (95% CI: 0.97-1.46) |
Van Hemelrijck et al. 2011 [91] | Sweden | Male | Prostate | Mixed | Enzymatically with a glucose-oxidaseperoxidase method | Cohort | 5112 | 20-80 | Fasting status,triglyceride and total cholesterol quartile , SES, time btw measurement and cohort entry | HR for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile compared to 1st quartile: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86-1.01), 0.93 (95% CI: 0.85-1.01), and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81-0.94) |
Chao et al. 2011 [92] | China | Male | Liver | Fasting | Automatic dry-chemical analyzer | Case cohort | 124 | 30-65 | Age, smoking, alcohol consumption, FHx of HCC, HBV viral load, HCV genotype ,HbeAg status, BCP double mutations | HR for 2nd and 3rd tertile compared to 1st tertile: 1.40 (95% CI: 0.80-2.45) and 2.37 (95% CI: 1.12-5.04) |
Stocks et al. 2009 [18] | Western Europe | Male | All Cancers | Mixed | Mixture of non-enzymatic, serum/enzymatic, and plasma/enzymatic | Cohort | 18621 | 44.7 (mean) | Age, BMI, smoking status | HR for 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th quintile compared to 1st quintile: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.90-1.25), 1.10 (95% CI: 0.93-1.29), 1.18 (95% CI: 1.02-1.37), and 1.18 (95% CI: 1.00-1.37) |
Stocks et al. 2009 [18] | Western Europe | Female | All Cancers | Mixed | Cohort | 11664 | 45 (mean) | Age, BMI, smoking status | HR for 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th quintile compared to 1st quintile: 0.87 (95% CI: 0.70-1.07), 0.90 (95% CI: 0.73-1.10), 1.18 (95% CI: 0.97-1.42), and 1.29 (95% CI: 1.07-1.59) |