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Table 1 Baseline and radiologic characteristics of the study patients (n =330)

From: Surgical resection of nodular ground-glass opacities without percutaneous needle aspiration or biopsy

 

Benign

Malignant

p-value

(n =16)

(n =314)

Baseline characteristics

   

Age (years)a

58.1 ± 7.3

62.1 ± 10.4

0.127

Male sex, no. (%)

9 (56.3)

147 (46.8)

0.461

Smoking, no. (%)

  

0.555

  Never-smoker

8 (50.0)

196 (62.4)

 

  Ex-smoker

6 (37.5)

95 (30.3)

 

  Current-smoker

2 (12.5)

23 (7.3)

 

Smoking (PY)

12.2 ± 17.3

10.0 ± 16.5

0.605

Radiologic characteristics

   

Size (mm)a

15.1 ± 9.3

20.3 ± 11.0

0.063

GGO pattern, no. (%)

  

1.0

  Pure

3 (18.8)

72 (22.9)

 

  Part-solid

13 (81.3)

242 (77.1)

 

TDR (%)a

86.6 ± 17.5

83.3 ± 20.7

0.536

Air bronchogram, no. (%)

7 (43.8)

175 (55.7)

0.347

Bubble lucency, no. (%)

2 (12.5)

46 (14.6)

1.0

Pleural or fissure retraction, no. (%)

4 (25.0)

143 (45.5)

0.107

Irregular margin, no. (%)

6 (37.5)

148 (47.1)

0.451

Maximal SUV on FDG-PET/CTa,b

0.39 ± 0.67

1.19 ± 1.28

0.101

Progression, no. (%)c

  

1.0

  Progression

4/12 (33.3)d

88/232 (37.9)

 

  Without progression

8/12 (66.7)

144/232 (62.1)e

 
  1. aExpressed as mean values ± standard deviations.
  2. bAmong the 330 nGGOs, 191 underwent FDG-PET/CT.
  3. cSerial CT scans at least 4 weeks interval were available for 244 nGGOs over the median follow-up duration of 9.1 months (range, 7.3 - 123.9 months).
  4. dThree GGOs had increased in whole GGO size and one pure GGO had become a part solid nodule. The two of three GGOs were subpleural fibrosis and the other one was atypical adenomatous hyperplasia on the final pathology. The one GGO becoming a part solid nodule was the anthracofibrotic nodule.
  5. eOne GGO had decreased in size, which was adenocarcinoma, acinar predominant.
  6. PY, pack-years; GGO, ground-glass opacity; TDR, tumor disappearance rate; SUV, maximal standardized uptake value; FDG-PET/CT, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography.