Global gene expression profiling identifies ALDH2, CCNE1 and SMAD3 as potential prognostic markers in upper tract urothelial carcinoma

Table 2 Cox regression analyses for determining outcome based on the expression of ALDH2, CCNE1 and SMAD3

Variables	No. patients	Univariate		Multivariate
		p-value^a	HR (95% CI)	p-value^b	HR (95% CI)
Sex
Female	26	0.98	0.99 (0.39-2.51)	0.92	1.05 (0.40-2.73)
Male	77
Age	32-87 years	0.96	1.00 (0.96-1.04)	0.97	1.00 (0.96-1.04)
T stage
T1	62	7.32 × 10^-06	0.10 (0.03-0.27)	7.27 × 10^-06	0.09 (0.03-0.27)
T2	16	0.12	0.413 (0.14-1.26)	0.12	0.41 (0.13-1.26)
T3	25
ALDH2
Low	54	1.69 × 10^-04	52.02 (6.63-407.94)	2.11 × 10^-04	81.91 (7.96-842.24)
High	49
CCNE1
Low	59	4.53 × 10^-04	41.4 (5.17-331.66)	6.38 × 10^-04	36.27 (4.24-309.92)
High	44
SMAD3
Low	62	9.51 × 10^-04	31.14 (4.05-239.33)	1.04 × 10^-03	61.90 (5.80-660.64)
High	41

^aP-value and hazard ration (HR) were calculated for each variable using Cox regression model. Sex: female vs. male; Age: continuous variable and range of age is shown instead of number of patients; T stage: T1 vs. T3, T2 vs. T3; ALDH2: low vs. high; CCNE1 and SMAD3: high vs. low. ^bP-value and HR of each molecular marker were adjusted for clinicopathological factors and determined separately with Cox regression model.

ISSN: 1471-2407