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Figure 3 | BMC Cancer

Figure 3

From: Effects of insulin on human pancreatic cancer progression modeled in vitro

Figure 3

Effects of insulin on AKT and ERK phosphorylation and cell viability in HPDE cells. (A, B) Phosphorylated AKT and ERK were measured in HPDE cells treated with a range of insulin and IGF-1 concentrations for 5 minutes (n =10, 8). (D-E) Proliferation of HPDE cells was assessed by XTT assay. Briefly, cells were treated and the activated XTT reagent was added at designated time, and the absorbance of Δ(A475nm and A660nm) was measured 6 hours post-addition. Insulin or IGF1 was not added in these studies (n =3). (C, F) Quantification of cell death was assessed by propidium iodide (PI) incorporation in Hoechst-positive cells. Fold refers to the number of PI positive cells in treatment group relative to control after 23 hours of treatment (n =3). (A-C). Two-tailed paired sample t-tests were performed. (D-E) One-way ANOVA analyses with Bonferroni post-test were performed.

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