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Table 3 Crude and adjusted rate ratios for the association between the use of cardiac glycosides and lung cancer by varying the lag period to 6 months and 2 years and by additionally adjusting for sexual hormone intake in women

From: Cardiac glycosides use and the risk of lung cancer: a nested case–control study

Sensitivity analysis

Cases

Controls

Crude RR

Adjusted RR (95% CI)a

6-month lag period

1423

14,166

  

  No use, n (%)

997 (70.1)

9843 (69.5)

1.00

1.00 (Reference)

  Ever use, n (%)

426 (29.9)

4323 (30.5)

0.97

1.08 (0.94 - 1.24)

2-year lag period

990

9850

  

  No use, n (%)

703 (71.0)

6815 (69.2)

1.00

1.00 (Reference)

  Ever use, n (%)

287 (29.0)

3035 (30.8)

0.91

1.02 (0.86 - 1.20)

Additionally adjusting for HRT/OC use in women

419

4183

  

  No use, n (%)

295 (70.4)

2828 (67.6)

1.00

1.00 (Reference)

  Ever use, n (%)

124 (29.6)

1355 (32.4)

0.88

0.97 (0.74 - 1.27)

  1. aAdjusted on smoking status BMI indication of CG use excessive alcohol use history of tobacco-related conditions history of lung diseases factors associated with sexual hormonal disorders drugs potentially associated with lung cancer (statins aspirin oral anticoagulants and antiplatelets non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs anti-hypertensives oral bisphosphonates anti-diabetic drugs) and amiodarone.
  2. RR Rate ratio, HRT Hormone replacement therapy, OC Oral contraceptive).