Figure 6

Effects of CAPE on bladder cancer cells with lower TM expression. (a) The effect of CAPE treatment on the level of TM, NF-κB activation and EMT-related changes was examined by Western blot using cells with lower TM expression in the presence or absence of 6 μg/ml CAPE for 48 h. (b) Effect of CAPE treatment on the level of N-cadherin was examined by IF analysis in cells with lower TM expression in the presence or absence of 6 μg/ml CAPE for 48 h. The results from representative slides are shown (DAPI = blue; N-cadherin = green). (c) Effects of CAPE on the proliferation rates of T24 and J82 cell lines were evaluated by viable cell counting and by colony formation in HT1197 and HT1376 cells with inhibited TM expression. (d) Effects of CAPE treatment on xenograft tumor growth. (e) Effects of CAPE treatment on the invasive capacity of bladder cancer cells expressing the TM silencing vector was evaluated by invasion assays. The results from representative slides are shown. (f) The invasive capacity of bladder cancer cells with or without CAPE treatment was evaluated by murine orthotopic tumor implantation. Representative slides and quantitative data are shown. Data are expressed as the mean of three separate experiments ± SD; * P  <  0.05.