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Table 5 Construct validity in the non-student sample

From: Development of a scale to assess cancer stigma in the non-patient population

 

Severity

Personal responsibility

Awkwardness

Avoidance

Policy opposition

Financial discrimination

Sex

      

 Male

3.23

2.03

2.84

1.86

2.14

2.50

 Female

3.45

1.78

2.78

1.52

1.83

2.34

 t-test (p-value)

-1.77 (.077)

1.89 (.059)

0.47 (.643)

2.98 (.003)

2.59 (.010)

0.98 (.327)

Age

      

 16-34 years

3.42

2.17

3.18

1.83

2.30

2.65

 35-54 years

3.42

1.61

2.61

1.69

1.86

2.36

 55+ years

3.13

1.66

2.29

1.44

1.51

2.06

 Anova (p-value)

2.03 (.133)

8.45 (<.001)

17.18 (<.001)

4.16 (.017)

17.08 (<.001)

4.91 (.008)

Education*

      

 School level - low

3.55

1.72

2.68

1.56

1.67

2.42

 School level - high

3.32

1.92

2.78

1.65

2.00

2.32

 University level

3.17

2.07

3.01

1.82

2.33

2.55

 Anova (p-value)

2.61 (.076)

2.06 (.131)

1.60 (.204)

1.74 (.179)

8.72 (<.001)

0.63 (.532)

Ethnicity

      

 White

3.29

1.78

2.74

1.63

1.87

2.32

 Other

3.57

2.44

3.06

1.96

2.45

2.87

 t-test (p-value)

-1.79 (.075)

-3.40 (.001)

-1.81 (.071)

-2.34 (.020)

-3.79 (<.001)

-2.74 (.007)

Close friend or family member has had cancer

      

 No

3.53

1.93

3.12

1.85

2.14

2.66

 Yes

3.28

1.90

2.70

1.64

1.93

2.34

 t-test (p-value)

1.80 (.073)

0.18 (.858)

2.65 (.009)

1.64 (.103)

1.48 (.140)

1.69 (.093)

Social desirability

      

 Low score (0–5)

3.43

2.01

3.19

1.90

2.19

2.70

 High score (6–10)

3.28

1.82

2.51

1.53

1.82

2.20

 t-test (p-value)

1.17 (.242)

1.45 (.149)

5.11 (<.001)

3.21 (.002)

3.01 (.003)

3.12 (.002)

  1. *Low school level = GCSEs as their highest qualification, High school level = A-levels or a qualification below degree.