Table 1 Primary and secondary outcome measures
Variable | Number of items | Scale | Measurement strategies |
|---|---|---|---|
Primary outcome variables | |||
Intentions | 3 | 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) | “I intend to perform sun-protective behaviours.”; “I plan to perform sun-protective behaviours.”; “It is likely that I will perform sun-protective behaviours.” |
Behaviour | 3 | 1 (never) to 7 (always) | “Think about the past week. In general, how often did you perform sun-protective behaviour?”; “Think about the past week. On average, how often did you perform sun-protective behaviours on Saturday and Sunday?”; “Think about the past week. On average, how often did you perform sun-protective behaviours on a typical week day?” |
Secondary outcome variables | |||
Attitudes | 6 | 1 (pleasant) to 7 (unpleasant) | “Performing sun-protective behaviours every time I go in the sun for more than 10 minutes during the next week, would be…” (reverse scored) |
1 (good) to 7 (bad) | |||
1 (wise) to 7 (unwise) | |||
1 (easy) to 7 (difficult) | |||
1 (nice) to 7 (awful) | |||
1 (positive) to 7 (negative) | |||
Subjective Norms | 3 | 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) | “Those people who are important to me would want me to perform sun-protective behaviours.”; “Most people who are important to me would approve of me performing sun-protective behaviours.”; “Most people who are important to me would think that I should perform sun safe behaviours.” |
Perceived Behavioural Control | 4 | 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) | “I have complete control over whether I perform sun-protective behaviours.”; “It is mostly up to me whether I perform sun-protective behaviours.”; “If I wanted to it would be easy for me to perform sun-protective behaviours.”; “I am confident that I could perform sun-protective behaviours.” |
Group Norms | 4 | 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) | “Most of my friends perform sun-protective behaviours.”; “My friends think that performing sun-protective behaviours is a good thing to do.”; “How many of your friends would think that performing sun-protective behaviours every time you are out in the sun for more than 10 minutes in the next week is a good thing to do?”; “How many of your friends would perform sun-protective behaviours every time they are out in the sun for more than 10 minutes during the next week?” |
1 (none) to 7 (all) | |||
Personal Norms | 2 | 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) | “I think I should perform sun safe behaviours.”; “Performing sun safe behaviours is something I should do.” |
Image Norms | 5 | 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) | “Celebrities and movie stars always seem to have a tan.”; “I see more examples of models who do not have a tan on TV and in magazines than I used to.” (reverse scored); “I think that to be a successful movie star or TV star you should have a tan.”; “It seems that society wants people to have a tan.”; “I can think of many movie stars and TV stars who do not have a tan” (reverse scored). |
Tanning | 2 | 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) | “A person with a tan looks Australian”; “A person without a tan looks ‘Un-Australian”. |
Responsibility | 3 | 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree) | “I think it is my responsibility to perform sun safe behaviours”; “I think it is up to the government to ensure that sun safety measures are available” (reverse scored); “It is my personal choice to perform sun safe behaviours”. |