Table 2 Correlations of operative and metastatic status/management with clinicopathologic features of renal cell carcinoma extending into venous system
Variables | Operative status of RCC extending to the venous system and metastatic status/management | Statistical significance (chi-square test or Mann–Whitney U test) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Radical nephrectomy and complete resection of thrombus | Radical nephrectomy and incomplete resection of thrombus regardless of metastatic status | Abandoned operation | ||||
Without metastasis | Existing metastasis and undergoing cytoreductive operation | With unresected metastases | Â | Â | ||
| Â | Surgical category 1 | Surgical category 2 | Surgical category 3 | Surgical category 4 | Surgical category 5 | Â |
n | 196 | 11 | 66 | 8 | 11 | Â |
Age (years) | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 63.0 ± 11.0 | 57.5 ± 9.1 | 61.7 ± 9.8 | 54.3 ± 5.8 | 66.8 ± 13.8 | p < 0.05; surgical category 4 vs. surgical category 1, 3, 5 |
Performance status (n) | ||||||
0 | 143 | 7 | 43 | 4 | 0 | p < 0.05: surgical category 1, 2, 3 vs. surgical category 5 surgical category 1 vs. surgical category 4 |
1 | 22 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 4 | |
2 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 2 | |
3 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | |
Unknown | 23 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | Â |
Tumor size classification (n) | ||||||
<4Â cm | 20 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | n.s. |
4-7Â cm | 48 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 2 | |
>7Â cm | 119 | 10 | 40 | 5 | 5 | |
Unknown | 9 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | Â |
Perinephric fat invasion (n) | ||||||
No | 86 | 3 | 20 | 5 | 0 | p < 0.05: surgical category 1 vs. surgical category 2, 3 |
Yes | 22 | 4 | 16 | 1 | 0 | |
Unknown | 88 | 4 | 30 | 2 | 11 | Â |
Tumor nuclear grade (n) | ||||||
G1 | 18 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 0 | n.s. |
G2 | 129 | 7 | 42 | 1 | 0 | |
G3 | 48 | 3 | 19 | 4 | 0 | |
Unknown | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | Â |
Histopathologic category (n) | ||||||
Clear cell | 144 | 10 | 48 | 4 | 0 | p < 0.05; : surgical category 1, 2, 3, 4 vs. surgical category 5 surgical category 3 vs. surgical category 4 |
Papillary, chromophobe, others | 42 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 9 | |
Spindle, sarcomatoid | 10 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 2 | |