Variable | Univariate OR | (95% CI) | Multivariate OR | (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Male (vs. Female) | 1.64 | (1.30~2.07) | 1.77 | (1.40~2.24) |
Age (vs. < 50 years) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  50~64 | 1.73 | (1.45~2.06) | 1.67 | (1.40~2.00) |
  ≥ 65 | 3.66 | (3.04~4.40) | 3.54 | (2.93~4.28) |
Hospital level (vs. District hospital/clinic) | Â | Â | ||
  Medical center | 1.64 | (1.25~2.16) | 1.69 | (1.29~2.23) |
  Regional hospital | 1.68 | (1.25~2.25) | 1.68 | (1.25~2.26) |
Treatment (vs. no) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Neck dissection | 0.75 | (0.61~0.91) | 0.77 | (0.63~0.94) |
  Gastrostomy | 3.09 | (2.06~4.63) | 2.94 | (1.94~4.44) |
Comorbidity (vs. no) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Stroke | 2.23 | (1.63~3.05) | 1.35 | (0.98~1.87) |
  Parkinson’s disease | 5.18 | (1.93~13.9) | 3.01 | (1.09~8.30) |
  GERD | 1.54 | (1.15~2.07) | 1.48 | (1.09~1.99) |
Cancer site | Â | Â | Â | Â |
  Lip | 0.63 | (0.23–1.71) | 0.63 | (0.23–1.73) |
  Tongue | 1.13 | (0.91–1.40) | 1.28 | (1.02–1.61) |
  Salivary gland | 0.74 | (0.30–1.81) | 0.57 | (0.23–1.40) |
  Gum | 0.85 | (0.53–1.36) | 0.70 | (0.43–1.14) |
  Mouth floor | 1.67 | (0.94–2.95) | 1.75 | (0.98–3.13) |
  Buccal mucosa | 1.31 | (1.11–1.55) | 1.28 | (1.07–1.53) |
  Oropharynx | 1.90 | (1.54–2.36) | 1.67 | (1.36–2.10) |
  Nasopharynx | 0.46 | (0.39–0.53) | 0.46 | (0.39–0.54) |
  Hypopharynx | 2.33 | (1.86–2.93) | 1.74 | (1.37–2.21) |
  Unknown | 1.21 | (0.65–2.23) | 1.10 | (0.59–2.04) |