Table 3 Characteristics of studies investigating Combination BCG therapies
First author, yr | Design, LOE | No. of | Age* | Disease category | Follow-up, mo | Strain | Treatment schedules | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Case/Control | Case/Control | Â | Case/Control* | Â | Case | Control |
BCG plus mitomycin C vs. BCG alone (Case vs. Control) | ||||||||
Kaasinen 2003 [34] | RCT, 1b | 159/145 | 71.0/69.9 | CIS | 56.3(1.9-97.3) | Connaught | 6 weekly BCG plus alternating BCG and MMC monthly | 6 weekly BCG plus monthly BCG |
Stasi 2006 [33] | RCT, 1b | 107/105 | 66.0/67.0 | High-risk NMIBC | 91/84 | Connaught | 2 weekly BCG and 1 week MMC as one cycle for three cycles** | 6 weekly BCG** |
Oosterlinck 2011 [30] | RCT, 1b | 48/48 | 68.0/70.0 | CIS | 56.4 | Tice | 6 weekly MMC plus 6 weekly BCG** | 6 weekly BCG plus 3 weekly rest and BCG** |
Gulpinar 2012 [29] | RCT, 1b | 25/26 | 58.2/58.0 | Intermediate-Risk NMIBC | 41.3/40.9 | Tice | Perioperative MMC plus 6 weekly BCG | 6 weekly BCG |
El Mohsen 2010 [32] | RCT 1b | 29/27 | 47.5/48.1 | Superficial BCa | 30 | NA | Perioperative MMC plus 4 weekly MMC plus monthly BCG for 1 year | 6 weekly BCG plus monthly BCG for 1 year |
Badalato 2011 [31] | R, 2b | 48/212 | 69.6/69.6 | Superficial BCa | 33.0/43.6 | Connaught | Perioperative MMC plus 6 weekly BCG** | 6 weekly BCG ** |
BCG plus mitomycin C vs. mitomycin C alone (Case vs. Control) | ||||||||
Rintala 1996 [37] | RCT, 1b | 95/93 | 68/69 | Rapidly recurring NMIBC | 34(1–76) | Pasteur | Alternating courses of MMC and BCG monthly during year 1 and every 3 months during year 2 | MMC monthly during year 1 and every 3 months during year 2 |
Jarvinen 2012 [35] | RCT, 1b | 28/40 | 66/68 | CIS | 408 | Pasteur | Ditto | Ditto |
Witjes 1998 [36] | RCT, 1b | 90/92 | NA | Intermediate-Risk NMIBC | 32(2–65) | Tice | 4 weekly MMC followed by 6 weekly BCG | 10 weekly MMC |
BCG plus Epirubicin vs. BCG alone (Case vs. Control) | ||||||||
Cai 2008 [38] | RCT, 1b | 80/81 | 73.9/69.8 | High-risk NMIBC | 15.3/14.8 | OncoTice | Perioperative epirubicin plus delayed BCG | 6 weekly BCG and every 3 months for maintenance |
Bilen 2000 [40] | RCT, 1b | 20/21 | 57/53 | High-risk NMIBC | 18(9–24) | Connaught | Sequential instillation of BCG and epirubicin for 8 weeks | 6 weekly BCG |
Tozawa 2001 [39] | R, 2b | 24/50 | 67.9/65.6 | Superficial BCa without CIS | 6-36 | Tokyo | Epirubicin and BCG were instilled by turns once a week for 12 weeks | 6 weekly plus six monthly BCG |
BCG plus Interferon α-2b vs. BCG alone (Case vs. Control) | ||||||||
Nepple 2010 [41] | RCT, 1b | 346/324 | 68.4 | Superficial BCa | NA | Tice | 6 weekly BCG plus IFN** | 6 weekly BCG ** |
Bazarbashi 2000 [42] | C-S, 4 | 37/18 | 59/58 | Superficial BCa | 26.2/23.8 | Connaught | Weekly sequential BCG and IFN for 8 weeks | 6 weekly BCG |