Figure 4
From: Fool’s gold, lost treasures, and the randomized clinical trial
Therapy giving minor benefit in all patients achieved significance in simulated trial: In a 668 patient simulated study, a therapy that increased survival by 33% in all patients was judged to be effective (HR=0.80, p=0.03) (survival curves presented here), while a therapy that quintupled survival in 10% of the patients was judged ineffective (HR=0.85, p=0.16, see Figure 1 from Stewart, Whitney and Kurzrock [4]).