Figure 1
From: Fool’s gold, lost treasures, and the randomized clinical trial
Comparison of therapies hitting different simulated targets: Comparisons of a simulated therapy that quintupled survival in every 10 th patient starting with patient number 10 to another that quintupled survival in every 10 th patient starting with patient number 11 would erroneously conclude that the two therapies are equivalent (p=0.89), despite them being of benefit in completely different subpopulations.