Table 2 Covariate-adjusted hazard ratios for bladder calculus among the sampled patients
From: A case–control study on the association between bladder cancer and prior bladder calculus
Variable | Bladder cancer | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio | 95% CI | P value | |
Prior bladder calculus | |||
Yes | 3.42 | 2.48-4.72 | <0.001 |
No (reference group) | 1.00 | ||
Monthly Income | |||
NT$1-15,840 (reference group) | 1.00 | ||
NT$15,841-25,000 | 0.98 | 0.97-1.01 | 0.317 |
≥NT$25,001 | 1.01 | 0.98-1.02 | 0.891 |
Geographic region | |||
Northern (reference group) | 1.00 | ||
Central | 0.92 | 0.80-1.07 | 0.279 |
Eastern | 0.98 | 0.86-1.11 | 0.692 |
Southern | 0.94 | 0.68-1.31 | 0.722 |
Hypertension | 0.80 | 0.72-0.89 | 0.008 |
Renal disease | 2.65 | 2.28-3.08 | <0.001 |
Coronary heart disease | 0.87 | 0.73-1.05 | 0.060 |
Diabetes | 0.98 | 0.86-1.11 | 0.742 |
Bladder outlet obstruction | 0.90 | 0.46-1.76 | 0.751 |
Urinary tract infection | 1.23 | 1.07-1.38 | <0.001 |
Tobacco use disorder | 1.46 | 1.26-1.68 | <0.001 |
Alcohol abuse | 0.99 | 0.88-1.44 | 0.983 |
Obesity | 1.03 | 0.98-1.06 | 0.056 |