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Table 3 Proportion of respondents rating “being a burden to others” as 1 st or 2 nd most concerning problem (crude percentages by variables of interest)

From: ‘Burden to others’ as a public concern in advanced cancer: a comparative survey in seven European countries

 

England

Flanders

Germany

Italy

Netherlands

Portugal

Spain

All countries

 

n = 1351

n = 1269

n = 1363

n = 1352

n = 1356

n = 1286

n = 1367

n = 9344

Age

 

**

*

 

**

 

**

*

 Mean age of people who are concerned of being a burden (vs. others)

54.1 vs. 53.5

54.0 vs 51.3

48.1 vs 46.1

48.7 vs 47.3

56.4 vs 53.3

49.3 vs 48.7

48.7 vs 46.2

50.7 vs. 49.8

 Age bands

 

**

*

 

**

 

*

*

  16–29

52.8%

20.7%

42.7%

47.2%

23.0%

39.6%

57.7%

43.9%

  30–39

52.7%

16.2%

39.1%

56.3%

19.7%

42.4%

58.0%

42.8%

  40–49

51.4%

22.1%

38.2%

54.5%

18.7%

37.6%

62.4%

40.2%

  50–59

47.3%

28.6%

45.5%

50.2%

24.8%

42.9%

63.0%

42.6%

  60–69

50.2%

27.8%

48.1%

60.6%

26.8%

41.4%

64.0%

44.1%

  70+

57.5%

31.1%

48.7%

52.5%

33.0%

44.1%

69.4%

48.1%

Gender

  

**

    

*

 Male

53.8%

26.2%

47.7%

53.1%

24.0%

44.4%

63.6%

44.7%

 Female

50.2%

26.8%

39.2%

52.1%

25.0%

40.6%

60.7%

42.5%

Living arrangements

*

    

*

 

**

 Living alone

53.4%

26.1%

43.1%

52.7%

24.7%

31.9%

61.3%

43.9%

 Living with others

45.6%

28.2%

41.3%

50.0%

24.9%

42.9%

63.4%

39.7%

Urbanisation level

       

**

 Big city or suburbs/outskirts

53.6%

25.8%

41.3%

55.5%

22.9%

43.3%

61.6%

43.6%

 Town or small city

51.7%

30.0%

40.9%

50.2%

24.2%

39.8%

61.7%

45.8%

 Country village

47.5%

24.9%

46.0%

54.6%

24.8%

41.1%

62.2%

40.9%

 Farm or home in countryside

53.1%

29.7%

50.0%

31.3%

31.6%

38.8%

56.5%

39.4%

Marital status

*

     

**

 

 Married or with partner

54.4%

25.9%

43.6%

54.1%

24.2%

43.2%

64.4%

43.6%

 Divorced or separated

47.0%

34.7%

43.4%

52.5%

28.0%

36.8%

59.4%

43.3%

 Widowed

52.5%

29.8%

50.0%

55.8%

31.3%

35.6%

66.3%

45.6%

 Single

44.0%

22.9%

37.7%

46.8%

20.4%

41.4%

53.1%

40.9%

Religion

       

**

 Yes

51.3%

28.2%

42.3%

52.4%

22.9%

41.1%

60.9%

44.5%

 No

51.9%

25.2%

43.3%

51.8%

26.1%

44.6%

63.3%

40.9%

Education

 

*

     

**

 Less than primary education

52.8%

16.0%

0%

66.7%

23.8%

36.4%

60.7%

49.8%

 Primary to secondary education

53.2%

23.9%

43.6%

53.7%

25.3%

41.0%

64.1%

43.9%

 Post secondary to tertiary education

49.0%

29.1%

41.6%

48.8%

23.8%

44.1%

57.9%

41.2%

Activities in last seven days

        

 Paid work

    

*

  

**

  Yes

53.3%

25.8%

42.2%

51.4%

21.9%

42.2%

61.5%

41.8%

  No

50.1%

27.5%

43.3%

53.1%

28.0%

41.3%

61.7%

44.6%

 In education

        

  Yes

50.6%

24.2%

39.8%

46.6%

33.3%

39.8%

56.6%

42.6%

  No

51.7%

26.8%

43.0%

53.0%

24.2%

41.9%

62.3%

43.3%

 Retired

        

  Yes

51.2%

29.5%

46.0%

55.6%

28.5%

40.7%

63.9%

44.5%

  No

51.8%

25.5%

41.7%

51.3%

23.5%

42.1%

61.1%

42.8%

Financial hardship

 

*

     

**

 Living comfortably on present income

50.8%

29.0%

42.3%

50.4%

26.2%

43.5%

60.1%

40.8%

 Coping on present income

53.8%

24.5%

43.1%

55.8%

23.0%

43.3%

64.8%

45.6%

 Difficult on present income

46.2%

17.2%

46.4%

48.2%

17.5%

38.4%

57.1%

43.4%

 Very difficult on present income

54.3%

0%

37.5%

31.6%

25.0%

38.1%

55.7%

42.6%

Health

        

 Very good

52.2%

28.8%

43.4%

46.1%

25.3%

44.2%

59.6%

42.6%

 Good

52.5%

24.9%

41.2%

54.3%

25.0%

41.1%

63.3%

42.4%

 Fair

46.2%

25.0%

47.5%

54.3%

25.4%

41.3%

62.0%

45.6%

 Bad

54.3%

33.3%

39.2%

50.0%

11.9%

50.0%

58.1%

43.8%

 Very bad

28.6%

33.3%

0%

66.7%

25.0%

29.4%

28.6%

28.3%

Experience of illness, death and dying

        

 Diagnosed with seriously illness in last 5 years

        

  Yes

52.1%

23.6%

46.6%

49.5%

27.5%

40.9%

60.5%

41.7%

  No

51.5%

27.1%

42.3%

52.5%

24.3%

41.9%

61.8%

43.3%

 Close relative/friend seriously ill in last 5 years

        

  Yes

52.5%

26.9%

41.6%

52.5%

25.1%

40.9%

60.6%

43.1%

  No

49.7%

25.9%

44.4%

51.4%

23.5%

43.4%

64.2%

43.3%

 Death of close relative/friend in last 5 years

        

  Yes

50.7%

27.1%

43.9%

51.0%

25.5%

43.8%

61.8%

43.4%

  No

53.1%

25.2%

40.1%

55.1%

21.9%

38.6%

61.8%

42.6%

 Cared for relative/friend in last months of life

 

*

      

  Yes

50.7%

29.4%

43.6%

52.0%

26.2%

39.8%

62.6%

44.1%

  No

52.3%

24.0%

42.1%

52.9%

23.0%

44.2%

60.7%

42.3%

Quality or quantity of life

  

*

**

   

**

 To extend life

37.0%

23.8%

30.0%

51.4%

22.9%

31.4%

50.0%

34.1%

 Both equally important

49.6%

22.5%

38.4%

46.7%

21.3%

41.0%

60.2%

41.1%

 To improve quality of life

52.8%

27.7%

44.9%

55.9%

25.8%

43.1%

62.2%

44.4%

  1. Legend: Significant results from bivariate analysis are indicated by * (p < 0.05) and ** (p < 0.01).