From: Arachidonic acid and cancer risk: a systematic review of observational studies
References | Study | Subjects | Exposure assessment | Skin cancer assessment (diagnosis) | Adjustment for potential confounders | Assessment of reporting quality * | Main findings | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intergroup comparison |   P or Ptrend | ||||||||
Study design: case-control study (temporal relationship among exposure and outcome is unclear) | |||||||||
Exposure assessment: dietary intake | |||||||||
Hakim et al. 2000 [48] | Survey, USA, case-control design | 301 nonmetastatic skin SCC patients aged ≥30, 267 population-baseed controls with no prior history of skin cancer, matched by age, sex | 24-HDR of 4 days, validated | Histopathologically diagnosed skin SCC selected from Southeastern Arizona Skin Cancer Registry | Age, sex, total energy intake, history of diagnosed actinic keratosis, tanning ability, freckles on arms, use of sunscreen | 22 | Dietary ARA intake, g/day, tertile | OR (95% CI) | Ptrend |
T1: ≤0.1 | 1.00 | 0.16 | |||||||
T2: 0.11-0.20 | 0.86 (0.57-1.29) | ||||||||
T3: >0.20 | 0.70 (0.46-1.08) | ||||||||
Exposure assessment: blood ARA level | |||||||||
Harris et al. 2005 [49] | Survey, USA, case-control design | 336 nonmetastatic skin SCC patients aged ≥30, 321 controls with no prior history of skin cancer, matched by age, sex, race | Erythrocyte fatty acids (fasting blood), GC analysis, precision indicated | Histopathologically diagnosed skin SCC selected from Southeastern Arizona Skin Cancer Registry | Age, sex, lab, tanning ability, freckles on arms, exclusion of 94 controls with history of prior actinic keratosis | 25 | ARA composition weight%, quartile | OR (95% CI) | Ptrend |
Q1 | 1.00 | Not shown | |||||||
Q2 | 1.61 (0.92-2.80) | Â | |||||||
Q3 | 1.40 (0.79-2.49) | Â | |||||||
Q4 | 2.38 (1.37-4.12) | Â | |||||||
Exposure assessment: tissue ARA level | |||||||||
Mackie et al. 1987 [50] | Survey, Australia, 1984-1985 | 100 primary melanoma patients, 100 controls with no history of malignant skin tumor, matched by age, sex, race | Subcutaneous adipose tissue triglyceride, GC analysis blinded to case-control status, precision not indicated | Selected from Sydney Melanoma Unit | None | 10 | ARA composition%, mean | ARA composition%, mean | P |
Case: | Control: | Â | |||||||
0.41 | 0.28 | <0.001 |