Multiplicative synergistic risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development among hepatitis B and C co-infected subjects in HBV endemic area: a community-based cohort study

Table 4 Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) according to hepatitis C virus infection status and genotype

Anti-HCV	HCV RNA	HCV genotype	No. of subjects	No. of HCC	Person-years	Incidence (100,000 person-year)	HR^a (95% CI)	HR^b (95% CI)
Negative			6083	31	56,516.3	54.9	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
Positive	Positive	1	52	8	476.5	1,678.9	28.3 (13.0-61.5)	29.7 (13.6-46.8)
		2	84	1	850.7	117.6	2.1 (0.3-15.4)	2.2 (0.3-16.2)
		1 & 2	6	2	51.1	3,913.9	65.0 (15.5-272.3)	68.7 (16.4-288.4)
	Negative		109	2	1,045.2	191.4	3.4 (0.8-14.4)	2.6 (0.6-11.5)

^aHR: age- and sex-adjusted. ^bHR: age-, sex- and HBsAg positivity-adjusted. Two hundred and thirty-six subjects including 2 HCC cases had no information on anti-HCV, and were excluded from the analysis.

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