Characteristic | Level | Statisticb | All lung cancerc | Squamousd | Adenoe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | All | n | 328 | 102 | 107 |
F | 4.22 (4.16-4.28) | 9.52 (8.94-10.13) | 3.44 (3.27-3.61) | ||
R | 5.50 (5.07-5.96) | 10.47 (8.88-12.33) | 2.84 (2.41-3.35) | ||
H, PH | 22.84, p < 0.001 | 5.17, p < 0.001 | 8.78, p < 0.001 | ||
PE | p < 0.001 | NS | p < 0.01 | ||
Sex | Male | n | 171 | 49 | 51 |
F | 3.74 (3.67-3.82) | 10.74 (9.82-11.74) | 4.09 (3.76-4.44) | ||
R | 6.18 (5.49-6.95) | 11.98 (9.68-14.82) | 3.55 (2.83-4.45) | ||
Female | n | 108 | 42 | 45 | |
F | 3.95 (3.86-4.05) | 8.86 (8.05-9.75) | 3.27 (3.05-3.50) | ||
R | 4.43 (3.84-5.10) | 8.97 (6.95-11.57) | 2.32 (1.78-3.02) | ||
Combined | n | 49 | 11 | 11 | |
F | 8.26 (7.94-8.60) | 7.04 (5.76-8.60) | 2.29 (1.93-2.71) | ||
R | 6.09 (4.98-7.44) | 10.70 (4.89-23.40) | 2.52 (1.56-4.08) | ||
Between levels | PB | <0.01 | NS | <0.05 | |
Location | North America | n | 116 | 38 | 40 |
F | 8.86 (8.63-9.10) | 12.69 (11.63-13.84) | 5.75 (5.36-6.16) | ||
R | 7.49 (6.78-8.27) | 13.42 (10.45-17.24) | 4.37 (3.48-5.48) | ||
United Kingdom | n | 29 | 4 | 4 | |
F | 5.22 (4.72-5.78) | 4.75 (3.00-7.51) | 2.74 (1.52-4.94) | ||
R | 5.83 (4.54-7.49) | 6.27 (2.49-15.83) | 2.68 (1.31-5.47) | ||
Scandinavia | n | 32 | 7 | 7 | |
F | 6.43 (5.88-7.04) | 8.67 (5.88-12.78) | 2.04 (1.49-2.78) | ||
R | 6.39 (5.29-7.71) | 8.62 (4.81-15.43) | 2.05 (1.37-3.06) | ||
Other Europe | n | 50 | 15 | 15 | |
F | 5.55 (5.22-5.90) | 6.56 (5.72-7.52) | 2.30 (1.99-2.65) | ||
R | 6.09 (4.95-7.51) | 8.87 (5.50-14.31) | 2.72 (2.01-3.68) | ||
China | n | 51 | 12 | 12 | |
F | 2.77 (2.72-2.83) | 5.65 (4.71-6.78) | 1.48 (1.28-1.70) | ||
R | 2.69 (2.50-2.88) | 6.39 (4.73-8.63) | 1.48 (1.28-1.70) | ||
Japan | N | 18 | 8 | 11 | |
F | 3.19 (2.91-3.49) | 13.94 (9.71-20.00) | 1.74 (1.47-2.06) | ||
R | 3.21 (2.68-3.85) | 14.54 (9.78-21.62) | 1.80 (1.34-2.41) | ||
Other Asia | N | 18 | 12 | 12 | |
F | 3.79 (3.41-4.20) | 7.87 (6.31-9.81) | 1.88 (1.56-2.26) | ||
R | 3.76 (2.72-5.18) | 8.02 (5.54-11.60) | 1.87 (1.29-2.71) | ||
Other or multiregion | n | 14 | 6 | 6 | |
F | 6.25 (5.45-7.16) | 16.70 (10.07-27.70) | 4.20 (2.91-6.06) | ||
R | 7.41 (5.72-9.60) | 16.70 (10.07-27.70) | 4.20 (2.91-6.06) | ||
Between levels | PB | <0.001 | <0.01 | <0.001 | |
Start year of study | Before 1960 | n | 54 | 14 | 14 |
F | 3.96 (3.71-4.23) | 4.35 (3.66-5.18) | 1.64 (1.27-2.10) | ||
R | 4.67 (3.75-5.82) | 5.89 (3.89-8.92) | 1.64 (1.27-2.10) | ||
1960-69 | n | 52 | 14 | 14 | |
F | 5.16 (4.88-5.45) | 11.87 (9.75-14.44) | 4.38 (3.78-5.08) | ||
R | 5.45 (4.60-6.46) | 12.88 (7.71-21.52) | 3.62 (2.00-6.54) | ||
1970-79 | n | 71 | 26 | 31 | |
F | 4.58 (4.34-4.82) | 8.76 (7.74-9.92) | 2.47 (2.21-2.76) | ||
R | 5.05 (4.27-5.96) | 10.08 (7.21-14.09) | 2.69 (2.14-3.37) | ||
1980-89 | n | 114 | 40 | 40 | |
F | 4.11 (4.04-4.17) | 11.42 (10.46-12.47) | 4.17 (3.90-4.45) | ||
R | 5.95 (5.18-6.83) | 11.74 (9.40-14.66) | 3.23 (2.48-4.20) | ||
1990 or later | n | 37 | 8 | 8 | |
F | 5.28 (4.83-5.77) | 12.39 (8.51-18.05) | 1.76 (1.44-2.17) | ||
R | 6.22 (4.89-7.92) | 12.21 (7.56-19.72) | 1.99 (1.40-2.83) | ||
Between levels | PB | NS | <0.1 | <0.01 | |
Study type | Case–control | n | 262 | 93 | 98 |
F | 4.12 (4.06-4.18) | 9.46 (8.89-10.08) | 3.41 (3.24-3.59) | ||
R | 5.32 (4.87-5.82) | 10.31 (8.70-12.22) | 2.78 (2.33-3.32) | ||
Prospectivef | n | 66 | 9 | 9 | |
F | 6.01 (5.69-6.34) | 12.23 (8.00-18.69) | 3.95 (3.11-5.01) | ||
R | 6.24 (5.34-7.28) | 12.78 (7.29-22.41) | 3.66 (2.67-5.03) | ||
Between levels | PB | <0.1 | NS | NS | |
National cigarette tobacco type | Virginia | n | 50 | 9 | 9 |
F | 5.60 (5.22-6.00) | 12.69 (9.36-17.20) | 4.36 (3.48-5.48) | ||
R | 6.24 (5.16-7.54) | 13.80 (6.53-29.17) | 4.37 (3.01-6.34) | ||
Blended | n | 225 | 80 | 85 | |
F | 7.48 (7.32-7.65) | 10.12 (9.46-10.83) | 3.90 (3.69-4.12) | ||
R | 6.30 (5.79-6.87) | 11.07 (9.21-13.31) | 3.07 (2.55-3.69) | ||
Other | n | 53 | 13 | 13 | |
F | 2.77 (2.72-2.83) | 5.56 (4.65-6.66) | 1.46 (1.27-1.67) | ||
R | 2.68 (2.49-2.87) | 6.15 (4.60-8.23) | 1.46 (1.27-1.67) | ||
Between levels | PB | <0.001 | <0.01 | <0.001 | |
Any proxy use | Nog | n | 227 | 76 | 79 |
F | 6.87 (6.72-7.03) | 8.95 (8.37-9.56) | 3.41 (3.23-3.61) | ||
R | 5.51 (5.02-6.04) | 9.64 (7.99-11.64) | 2.63 (2.15-3.20) | ||
Yes | n | 101 | 26 | 28 | |
F | 3.15 (3.09-3.20) | 14.65 (12.30-17.46) | 3.56 (3.13-4.04) | ||
R | 5.39 (4.84-6.02) | 13.82 (10.45-18.27) | 3.61 (2.73-4.76) | ||
Between levels | PB | NS | <0.05 | <0.1 | |
Full histological confirmation | No | n | 245 | 59 | 59 |
F | 3.86 (3.80-3.92) | 7.21 (6.57-7.90) | 2.43 (2.24-2.63) | ||
R | 5.25 (4.80-5.74) | 9.39 (7.54-11.68) | 2.56 (2.09-3.15) | ||
Yes | n | 83 | 43 | 48 | |
F | 7.67 (7.38-7.98) | 11.97 (11.01-13.02) | 4.37 (4.09-4.66) | ||
R | 6.30 (5.47-7.25) | 12.32 (9.78-15.52) | 3.22 (2.53-4.10) | ||
Between levels | PB | <0.05 | <0.1 | NS | |
Number of casesh | 100-249 | n | 115 | 22 | 27 |
F | 3.74 (3.51-3.99) | 6.02 (4.86-7.45) | 1.93 (1.67-2.24) | ||
R | 4.43 (3.86-5.09) | 8.39 (5.91-11.92) | 2.31 (1.71-3.12) | ||
250-499 | n | 86 | 31 | 31 | |
F | 4.85 (4.59-5.12) | 8.89 (7.51-10.52) | 2.37 (2.10-2.68) | ||
R | 5.75 (4.95-6.69) | 10.17 (7.81-13.22) | 2.37 (1.81-3.09) | ||
500-999 | n | 64 | 18 | 18 | |
F | 4.93 (4.68-5.19) | 8.26 (6.92-9.85) | 2.40 (2.07-2.77) | ||
R | 6.17 (5.25-7.25) | 11.35 (7.79-16.53) | 2.86 (2.08-3.92) | ||
1000+ | n | 63 | 31 | 31 | |
F | 4.15 (4.08-4.21) | 10.51 (9.74-11.35) | 4.61 (4.32-4.92) | ||
R | 6.14 (5.15-7.32) | 10.88 (8.16-14.51) | 3.77 (2.82-5.02) | ||
Between levels | PB | <0.01 | NS | <0.1 | |
Smoking product | Any | n | 205 | 54 | 55 |
F | 3.79 (3.73-3.85) | 6.86 (6.16-7.65) | 2.42 (2.20-2.66) | ||
R | 5.41 (4.90-5.97 | 8.94 (7.02-11.39) | 2.27 (1.87-2.76) | ||
Cigarettes (ignoring | n | 114 | 46 | 50 | |
other products) | F | 6.52 (6.31-6.73) | 10.99 (10.18-11.85) | 3.94 (3.71-4.19) | |
R | 5.54 (4.87-6.30) | 11.86 (9.57-14.71) | 3.46 (2.70-4.44) | ||
Cigarettes only | n | 9 | 2 | 2 | |
F | 8.11 (7.11-9.26) | 38.79 (18.74-80.31) | 4.26 (3.15-5.74) | ||
R | 6.83 (4.63-10.08) | 38.79 (18.74-80.31) | 4.26 (3.15-5.74) | ||
Between levels | PB | NS | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
Unexposed base | Never any product | n | 236 | 64 | 67 |
F | 3.84 (3.78-3.90) | 8.06 (7.37-8.82) | 2.57 (2.38-2.77) | ||
R | 5.31 (4.84-5.81) | 9.68 (7.81-12.01) | 2.46 (2.09-2.89) | ||
Never cigarettes | n | 92 | 38 | 40 | |
F | 7.01 (6.77-7.26) | 11.04 (10.13-12.02) | 4.30 (4.02-4.60) | ||
R | 5.96 (5.17-6.88) | 11.92 (9.24-15.38) | 3.56 (2.66-4.78) | ||
Between levels | PB | NS | NS | <0.05 | |
Number of adjustment factors | 0 | n | 164 | 53 | 54 |
F | 7.12 (6.92-7.33) | 7.93 (7.20-8.74) | 2.40 (2.21-2.60) | ||
R | 5.44 (4.86-6.09) | 9.86 (7.79-12.49) | 2.61 (2.11-3.23) | ||
1 | n | 69 | 18 | 20 | |
F | 5.13 (4.90-5.37) | 12.59 (10.37-15.30) | 3.24 (2.81-3.73) | ||
R | 5.48 (4.72-6.37) | 11.34 (7.36-17.47) | 2.66 (1.74-4.06) | ||
2+ | n | 95 | 31 | 33 | |
F | 3.40 (3.34-3.46) | 10.48 (9.59-11.45) | 4.61 (4.29-4.95) | ||
R | 5.56 (4.87-6.34) | 11.02 (8.35-14.54) | 3.30 (2.50-4.36) | ||
Between levels | PB | NS | NS | NS |