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Table 1 Locations of extrahepatic primary cancers implicating hepatocellular carcinoma

From: Clinical features and outcome of multiple primary malignancies involving hepatocellular carcinoma: A long-term follow-up study

Site of extrahepatic

primary cancer

Synchronous group (n = 22)

Metachronous group (n = 46)

Total

(n = 68)

Head & neck

8 (36.4%)

15 (32.6%)

23 (33.8%)

  nasopharynx

2 (1R 1S) *

9 (9R)

11

  tonsil

1 (1C)

0

1

  larynx

1 (1C)

0

1

  vocal cord

1 (1S)

1 (1O)

2

  mouth

0

1 (1O)

1

  tongue

2 (1C1S)

1 (1O)

3

  gingiva

0

1 (1O)

1

  soft palate

1 (1S)

0

1

  thyroid gland

0

2 (2O)

2

Digestive system

8 (36.4%)

10 (21.7%)

18 (26.5%)

  esophagus

1 (1S)

4 (3O1C)

5

  stomach

2 (2O)

1 (1O)

3

  colorectal

5 (5O)

5 (5O)

10

Urogenital system

1 (4.5%)

5 (10.9%)

6 (8.8%)

  prostate

0

1 (1O)

1

  urinary bladder

1 (1O)

1 (1O)

2

  kidney

0

2 (1O1C)

2

  ovary

0

1 (1O)

1

Others

5 (22.7%)

16 (34.8%)

20 (29.4%)

  lung

2 (1C1S)

4 (1O2C 1R)

6

  breast

0

4 (4O)

4

  skin

1 (1O)

4 (4O)

5

Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma

1 (1R)

3 (3C)

3

  melanoma

0

1 (1O)

1

Soft tissue tumor

1 (1O)

0

0

  1. * numbertreatment Treatment include: O operation; R radiotherapy; C chemotherapy; S supportive treatment.
  2. The patient suffered the third primary malignancy, acute monocytic leukemia.