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Table 1 Bowel/Colorectal CAM construct validity and sensitivity to change

From: Assessing awareness of colorectal cancer symptoms: Measure development and results from a population survey in the UK

 

Control (n = 35)

Expert (n = 16)

Intervention (n = 35)

Demographics

 

N (%)

 

   Age

   

18-34

10 (31.2)

5 (31.4)

12 (41.4)

35-54

16 (50.0)

9 (56.3)

15 (51.7)

55+

6 (18.7)

0 (0)

2 (6.9)

   Female

18 (51.4)

11 (68.7)

19 (54.3)

   White ethnicity

23 (65.7)

12 (75.0)

25 (71.4)

   Married/civil partner

20 (57.1)

1 (6.3)***

17 (48.6)

   Employed full time

31 (88.6)

12 (75.0)

30 (85.7)

   Degree or higher

23 (65.6)

11 (68.8)

24 (68.6)

Knowledge

 

Mean (SD)

 

   Warning signs (unprompted recall)

1.4 (1.3)

4.9 (1.5)***

3.6 (1.3)***

   Warning signs (prompted)

5.9 (2.1)

8.1 (0.9)***

7.7 (1.2)***

   Risk factors (unprompted recall)

0.97 (1.2)

3.5 (1.9)***

4.05 (1.6)***

   Risk factors (prompted)

35.9 (3.7)

43.1 (3.7)***

40.8 (5.5)***

  

N (%)

 

   Age at riska

16 (45.7)

14 (87.5)**

30 (85.7)***

   Bowel Cancer Screening Programmea

11 (31.4)

15 (93.8)***

31 (88.6)***

   Age people first invited for screeninga

4 (11.4)

14 (87.5)***

23 (65.7)***

   Lifetime riska

8 (22.9)

12 (75.0)***

18 (51.4)*

  

Mean

 

   Total knowledgeb

42.9 (5.7)

54.7 (4.3)***

51.4 (5.9)***

  1. Note. Not all demographics add up to 100% due to missing data.
  2. Note. Construct validity was assessed by comparing the 'expert' group with 'controls' and sensitivity to change was assessed by comparing the 'intervention' group with the 'controls'
  3. a Shows those responding 'correctly'
  4. b Total knowledge score' = Warning signs (prompted) + risk factors (prompted) +age at risk + bowel screening programme + age people first invited for screening + lifetime risk
  5. * indicates a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) compared with control
  6. ** indicates a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) compared with control
  7. *** indicates a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) compared with control