Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the 21 eligible studies included in the meta-analyses
First author (year of publication) (reference) | Country of origin | CTC+ patients (marker used) | CTC+ controls (marker used) | Patient age (years) | Tumor histology | Tumor location | Tumor stage (AJCC) | Rate of CTC+ stage ≤II pts (marker used) | Rate of CTC+ stage III-IV pts (Marker used) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Median (range) | Mean (range) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Gazzaniga (2005)[37] | Italy | 11/19 (Tenascin C), 11/19 (EGFR) | 0/40 (Tenascin C) 0/40 (EGFR) | NR | NR | NR | B | I-IV | NR | NR |
Ribal (2006)[23] | Spain | 23/70 | 0/22 | 65 (44-81) | - | TCC | B | 0a-IV | 4/31 | 17/39 |
Champelovier (1999)[38] | France | 3/4 | 21/29 | NR | NR | NR | B | NR | NR | NR |
Okegawa (2004)[39] | Japan | 25/108 (UP II), 31/108 (CK-20) | Healthy volunteers: 0/20 for either marker; nonmalignant bladder disease patients: 0/10 for UP II and 2/10 for CK-20 | Bladder cancer and nonmalignant bladder patients: 57 (42-75); healthy volunteers: 41 (21-52) | - | TCC | B | 0a-IV | 20/91 (CK-20) 14/91 (UP II) | 11/17 (CK-20) 11/17 (UP II) |
Retz (2001)[24] | Germany | 2/20 | 0/10 (isolated PBMN) | (34-79) | - | NR | B | 0a-IV | 0/14 | 2/6 |
Gudemann (2000)[16] | Germany | 12/49 | Healthy volunteers: 0/22; urocystitis patients: 0/6; benign renal tumor patients: 0/6; patients with prior history of urothelial cancer but no evidence of recurrence: 0/4 | Cancer patients: 68 (60-75); urocystitis patients: 72 (68-74) | - | TCC | B: 48/49 U/P: 1/49 | 0a-IV | 5/35 | 7/14 |
Li (1999)[40] | U.S.A. | 3/60 | 0/10 | NR | NR | TCC | B | NR | NR | NR |
Soria (2002)[25] | France | 27/30 | 0/17 | Patients: 68.5 (49-99); controls: (26-58) | - | NR | B | 0-IV | 14/15 | 13/15 |
Desgrandchamps (1999)[41] | U.K. | 1/31 | 0/2 (initially thought to have malignant bladder disease, one patient was found to have nonspecific inflammation and one schistosomiasis) | NR | NR | TCC | B | 0a-IV | 0/25 | 1/6 |
Naoe (2007)[18] | Japan | 8/26 | No controls assessed | 70.5 (55-85) | - | TCC | B: 22/26 U: 3/26 P: 1/26 | 0a-IV | 0/8 | 8/18 |
Kinjo (2004)[19] | Japan | 18/38 | 0/18 (UTI n = 6; BPH n = 7; other benign conditions n = 5) | Cancer patients: 67 (35-87); controls:56 (18-78) | - | TCC:36/38; TCC+sq:1/38; TCC+ad:1/38 | B | 0a-IV | 13/33 | 5/5 |
Guzzo (2009)[26] | U.S.A. | 9/43 | No controls assessed | - | 67.5 (46-83) | TCC | B | 0a-IV | 2/17 | 7/26 |
Allard (2004)[43] | U.S.A. | 6/7 | 8/145 healthy pre- and post-menopausal women had 1 CTC; 14/199 women with benign breast diseases had 1 CTC (none had ≥2 CTCs) | NR | NR | NR | B | IV | NR | NR |
Lu (2000)[20] | Japan | 15/56 | 0/10 healthy volunteers; 0/10 patients with renal cell cancer | 71.5 (35-87) | 69.41 | TCC | B: 42/56 B/U: 1/56 U: 9/56 P: 4/56 | 0a-IV | 4/34 | 11/22 |
Osman (2004)[45] | U.S.A. | 21/48 (UP Ia), 10/48 (UP Ib), 25/48 (UP II), 11/48 (UP III), 26/48 (EGFR)a | 5/14 (UP Ia), 7/14 (UP Ib), 5/14 (UP II), 10/14 (UP III), 10/14 (EGFR)a | 64 (42-88) | - | NR | B | III-IV | NR | NR |
Rink (2011)[27] | Germany | 20/55 | 1/10 | Patients: 67 (44-89); healthy volunteers: 45 | Patients:66; healthy volunteers: 46 | TCC | B | 0a-IV | NR | NR |
Fujii (1999)[21] | Japan | 9/40 | 0/25 | NR | NR | TCC | B: 27/40 U/P: 12/40 Urethra: 1/40 | 0a-IV | NR | NR |
Okegawa (2010)[22] | Japan | 11/36 | No controls assessed | Stages I-II patients: 71; stage III-IV patients: 68 | - | TCC | B: 28/36 U/P: 8/36 | I-IV | 0/16 | 11/20 |
Gradilone (2010)[48] | Italy | 24/54 (CD45-/CK8+), 22/54 (survivin) | 0/20 | 57.5 (51-64) | - | NR | B | I | NR | NR |
Meye (2002) | Germany | 18/34 | 0/20 | NR | NR | TCC | B | NR | NR | NR |
Gazzaniga (2001)[50] | Italy | 20/27 (EGFR); 17/27 (UP II); 11/27 (CK-19); 4/27 (CK-20) | Healthy volunteers: 0/30 (EGFR), 0/30 (UP II), 6/30 (CK-19), 4/30 (CK-20); cystitis patients: 0/9 (EGFR), 3/9 (UP II), 3/9 (CK-19), 2/9 (CK-20) | NR | NR | TCC | B | Oa-IV | 2/8 (EGFR) 7/8 (UP II) 1/8 (CK-19) 1/8 (CK-20) | 18/19 (EGFR) 3/19 (UP II) 10/19 (CK-19) 3/19 (CK-20) |