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Table 4 Results of the frailty models to evaluate jointly the prognostic factors associated with any of the 5 types of failures: locoregional recurrence, contralateral breast cancer, metastases, 2nd cancer other than breast or breast cancer death

From: Separate and combined analysis of successive dependent outcomes after breast-conservation surgery: recurrence, metastases, second cancer and death

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Characteristic*

RR

(95% CI)

RR

(95% CI)

RR

(95% CI)

Histological size of the tumor (for 1 mm increase)

1.03

(1.01-1.06)

1.02

(1.00-1.04)

1.02

(1.00-1.04)

Extensive intraductal component (EIC)

   

   - No (ref)

1

1

1

   - Yes

1.91

(0.58-6.24)

1.44

(0.58-3.59)

1.21

(0.49-3.01)

Grade

   

   - Grade 1 (ref)

1

1

1

   - Grade 2

2.06

(1.44-2.95)

1.77

(1.30-2.40)

1.69

(1.24-2.29)

   - Grade 3

3.19

(2.08-4.87)

2.41

(1.69-3.43)

2.32

(1.64-3.29)

# positive nodes

   

   - 0 (ref)

1

1

1

   - 1-3

2.82

(1.62-4.91)

2.33

(1.52-3.57)

2.33

(1.52-3.55)

   - ≥4

6.16

(3.15-12.04)

4.60

(2.74-7.72)

3.97

(2.36-6.66)

Lympho-vascular invasion

   

   - No (ref)

1

1

1

   - Yes

1.10

(0.80-1.52)

1.08

(0.85-1.38)

1.02

(0.80-1.30)

Surgical excision margin status

   

   - Clear (ref)

1

1

1

   - Invasion

1.36

(1.02-1.82)

1.21

(0.96-1.52)

1.23

(0.97-1.54)

Progesterone receptor status

   

   - Yes (ref)

1

1

1

   - No

1.45

(1.09-1.93)

1.43

(1.14-1.80)

1.46

(1.16-1.83)

Treatment combination

   

   - Radiotherapy (ref)

1

1

1

   - Radio- and chemotherapy

0.50

(0.27-0.91)

0.55

(0.35-0.87)

0.59

(0.37-0.93)

   - Radio- and hormonal therapy

0.36

(0.19-0.66)

0.50

(0.31-0.81)

0.54

(0.34-0.86)

   - Radio- and chemo- and hormonal therapy

0.22

(0.08-0.63)

0.29

(0.12-0.67)

0.31

(0.13-0.72)

Number of prior events

(as a quantitative variable)

-

1.97

(1.62-2.41)

0.96

(0.67-1.41)

Type of prior events:

   

   - no previous event (ref)

-

-

1

   - locoregional

-

-

4.25

(2.51-7.21)

   - contralateral breast cancer

-

-

1.44

(0.75-2.74)

   - distant metastases

-

-

3.94

(2.23-6.96)

   - 2nd primary other than breast

  

-

(-)

Variance of the random effect

1.42 (0.24)

0.38 (0.20)

0.35 (0.17)

Akaike Information Criterium (AIC)

1518.98

1494.10

1461.69

  1. * Analyses parametrically adjusted for the characteristics mentioned and non-parametrically adjusted for age
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