Figure 5

Relationship between plasma connective tissue growth factor and degree of valvular regurgitation. Box plot displaying the relationship between plasma connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) levels and the degree of tricuspid and/or pulmonary regurgitation. Median, interquartile range, and maximum and minimum values are shown. Due to the presence of extreme outliers, plasma CCN2 levels are plotted on the y-axis using a logarithmic (log10) scale. The highest plasma CCN2 levels were seen in the patients with moderate to severe right-sided valvular regurgitation (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.03).