Figure 5

Quantitative analyses of apoptosis, cell proliferation, vascular density and ERα expression in mammary carcinomas. A. Apoptotic cell death, assessed by TUNEL assay, was significantly increased in the 18 and 27 mg/kg raloxifene groups (**P < 0.01). B. DNA synthesis, inferred by BrdU labeling indices, was significantly decreased in the 18 and 27 mg/kg raloxifene groups (**P < 0.01). C. Microvessel density in tumors, inferred by CD31-positive endothelium, was similar between the control group and the raloxifene-treated groups. D. The number of dilated lymphatic vessels containing intraluminal tumor cells was significantly lower in groups receiving 18 and 27 mg/kg raloxifene than in the control group (*P < 0.05). E. Levels of the truncated ERα mRNA tended to be decreased in the raloxifene-treated groups as compared to the levels of the control groups, but this difference was not significant as measured by real-time RT-PCR. Data are presented as means ± SD.