Figure 2

Cell migration/invasion and STAT3 levels. A. Bar graphs showing a dose-dependent reduction of intracellular levels of phosphorylated STAT3 by Curcumin (0, 10 μM, 20 μM, or 50 μM, respectively) determined by ELISA. Data are from four independent experiments. An asterisk indicates differences that are statistically significant compared to controls. B. Bar graphs showing restoration of phosphorylated STAT3 levels in MZ-256 cells following treatment with Curcumin (0, 10, 20, 50 μM) for 2 h as determined by sandwich ELISA. In cells treated with 10 or 20 μM, normal levels are restored after 12 h, and they further increase after 24 h. Phosphorylated STAT3 levels remain low for up to 24 h in cells treated with 50 μM Curcumin. When in contrast cells are treated with Curcumin continuously for 24 h, phosphorylated STAT3 levels remain low. Data are from three independent experiments. An asterisk indicates differences that are statistically significant compared to controls. C. Bar graphs showing a dose-dependent reduction of GBM cell motility by Curcumin (0, 10 μM, or 20 μM, respectively) determined by wound healing assays. Data are from three independent experiments. An asterisk indicates differences that are statistically significant compared to controls. D. Bar graphs showing a dose-dependent reduction of the invasive capability of GBM cells by Curcumin (0, 10 μM, 20 μM, or 50 μM, respectively) determined by modified Boyden chamber assays. Data are from three independent experiments. An asterisk indicates differences that are statistically significant compared to controls.