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Table 3 Differentially expressed genes in chemoresistant patients respect to chemosensitive patients.

From: Expression profile and specific network features of the apoptotic machinery explain relapse of acute myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy

Gene Symbol

Category

Expression

NOTES

APAF1

pro

Down

It is a component of apoptosome. The apoptosome has a role in chemioresistance in pancreatic cancer.

BCL2A1

anti

Down

This gene is able to reduce the release of pro-apoptotic cytochrome c from mitochondria and block caspase activation. This gene is a direct transcription target of NF-kappa B and it acts in response to cytokine TNF and IL-1.

BCL2L1

pro/anti

Down

It acts as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators. This gene is located on mitochondrial membrane and control VDAC opening, regulating the release of cytochrome C by mitochondria.

BIRC2

anti

Up

This gene is a member of a family of proteins that inhibits apoptosis by binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors TRAF1 and TRAF2.

BIRC3

anti

Up

This gene is a member of a family of proteins that inhibits apoptosis by binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors TRAF1 and TRAF2. In cells resistant to alkylating agent, it blocks through regulation of CHK2 and CDC2 proteins.

CD40LG

pro

Down

It regulates B cell function by engaging CD40 on the B cell surface.

CIDEB

pro

Down

CIDEB triggers DNA fragmentation and nuclear condensation. Its expression could be associated to resistance to apoptosis.

FAS

pro

Down

FAS/FASL ratio, after receiving chemotherapy, indicates chemosensitivity in several tumoral models. In addition, the decreasing ratio during chemotherapy treatment, despite the initial values, is related to acquired chemoresistance.

FASLG

pro

Down

 

TNFRSF25

pro

Down

This receptor has been shown to stimulate NF-kappa B activity and regulate cell apoptosis. The signal transduction of this receptor is mediated by various death domains contained by adaptor proteins.

TNFSF10

pro

Down

This protein preferentially induces apoptosis in transformed and tumoral cells and it is expressed at a significant level in the most of normal tissues. Its down regulation could impair the apoptosis induction.

  1. The biological functions, AM category (pro- or anti apoptotic activity), and our comments, based on our findings, are reported for each gene.