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Table 1 List of growth factors investigated in the study.

From: Growth factors in multiple myeloma: a comprehensive analysis of their expression in tumor cells and bone marrow environment using Affymetrix microarrays

A. Growth factors that have been reported to be involved in myeloma biology.

Growth factor

probe set

References (*)

- Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)

209541_at

[7, 35–39]

- Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)

210997_at

[41–46]

- Macrophage inflammatory protein1 α (MIP1α/CCL3)

205114_s_at

[53–56]

- Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15)

221577_x_at

[24]

- pleiotrophin (PTN)

209466_x_at

[57, 58]

- Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

206382_s_at

[59]

IL-6 family cytokines

  

- Interleukin 6 (IL-6)

205207_at

[4, 5, 19, 33, 34, 35, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68]

- Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)

NA

[69]

- oncostatin M (OSM)

230170_at

" "

- Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)

205266_at

" "

- Interleukin 11 (IL-11)

NA

" "

- cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor1 (CLCF1)

219500_at

[70]

Other interleukins

  

- interleukin 1β (IL-1β)

39402_at

[18]

- interleukin 10 (IL-10)

207433_at

[71, 72]

- interleukin 15 (IL-15)

205992_s_at

[73]

- interleukin 21 (IL-21)

NA

[74]

TNF family members

  

- tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)

207113_s_at

[75–78]

- B cell activating factor (BAFF/TNFSF13B)

223501_at

[9, 79–82]

- A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL/TNFSF13)

210314_x_at

" "

EGF family members (**)

  

- amphiregulin (AREG)

205239_at

[17, 28]

- heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF)

203821_at

[17, 83, 84]

- neuregulin 1 (NRG1)

208241_at

[17]

- neuregulin 2 (NRG2)

206879_s_at

" "

- neuregulin 3 (NRG3)

229233_at

" "

- neuregulin 4 (NRG4)

242426_at

" "

FGF family members

  

- fibroblast growth factor 2/basis FGF (FGF2/bFGF)

204422_s_at

[32, 51]

Wnt family members

 

[47–49]

- Wnt5A

205990_s_at

 

- Wnt10B

NA

 

- Wnt16

224022_x_at

 

Jagged family

 

[85–88]

- Jagged 1 (JAG1)

209099_x_at

 

- Jagged 2 (JAG2)

32137_at

 

VEGF family

  

- Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA)

212171_x_at

[31, 89–92]

B. Members of the VEGF, FGF, and Wnt family.

Growth factor

probe set

 

VEGF family (5 members)

  

   - VEGFA*

212171_x_at

 

   - VEGFB

203683_s_at

 

   - VEGFC

209946_at

 

   - VEGFD/FIGF

NA

 

FGF family members (22 members)

  

   - FGF1

1552721_a_at

 

   - FGF2*

204422_s_at

 

   - FGF3

214571_at

 

   - FGF4

206783_at

 

   - FGF5

210311_at

 

   - FGF6

208417_at

 

   - FGF7

230918_at

 

   - FGF8

NA

 

   - FGF9

206404_at

 

   - FGF10

NA

 

   - FGF11

227271_at

 

   - FGF12

1562794_at

 

   - FGF13

205110_s_at

 

   - FGF14

231523_at

 

   - FGF16

NA

 

   - FGF17

NA

 

   - FGF18

231382_at

 

   - FGF19#

NA

 

   - FGF20

NA

 

   - FGF21

NA

 

   - FGF22

NA

 

   - FGF23

NA

 

Wnt family members (19 members)

  

   - Wnt1

NA

 

   - Wnt2

205648_at

 

   - Wnt2B

NA

 

   - Wnt3

229103_at

 

   - Wnt3A

NAΨ

 

   - Wnt4

208606_s_at

 

   - Wnt5A*

205990_s_at

 

   - Wnt5B

221029_s_at

 

   - Wnt6

71933_at

 

   - Wnt7A

210248_at

 

   - Wnt7B

NA

 

   - Wnt8A

224259_at

 

   - Wnt8B

NA

 

   - Wnt9A

NA

 

   - Wnt9B

NA

 

   - Wnt10A

223709_s_at

 

   - Wnt10B*

NA

 

   - Wnt11

206737_at

 

   - Wnt16*

224022_x_at

 
  1. A. (*) The list of references is not exhaustive, and includes the original or major studies. (**) Among all ten EGF-family members, only those having a heparin-binding domain are listed here. Indeed, only EGF-ligands that bind the HSPG syndecan-1 present on MMC can stimulate myeloma cell growth [17]. Probe sets noted "NA" were considered to be "non-informative" (see additional file 1).
  2. B. * Indicates that the growth factor has already been reported to be involved in myeloma biology (they are also listed in table 1A). # FGF19 is the human orthologue of FGF15 and was cloned by homology to mouse FGF15. Ψ Indicates that no probe set was found for this gene. Probe sets noted "NA" were considered to be "non-informative" (see additional file 1).