Table 1 Distribution of p16 methylation status according to clinicopathological features and protein expressions in ESCC tumors
| Â | Number (%) | methylated | unmethylated | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   <60 | 25 (54.3) | 16 (59.3) | 9 (47.4) | 0.421 |
   ≥60 | 21 (45.7) | 11 (40.7) | 10 (52.6) |  |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | 25 (50) | 15 (48.4) | 10 (52.6) | 0.773 |
   Female | 25 (50) | 16 (51.6) | 9 (47.4) |  |
Histology | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Well | 25 (55.6) | 15 (33.3) | 10 (22.2) | 0.211 |
   Moderate | 13 (28.9) | 9 (20.0) | 4 (8.8) |  |
   Poor | 7 (15.6) | 2 (4.4) | 5 (11.1) |  |
Tumor site | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Upper | 1 (2.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.9) | 0.854 |
   Middle | 23 (63.9) | 12 (63.2) | 11 (64.7) |  |
   Lower | 12 (33.3) | 7 (36.8) | 5 (29.4) |  |
Tobacco use | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Positive | 14 (30.4) | 8 (29.6) | 6 (31.6) | 0.896 |
   Negative | 32 (69.6) | 19 (70.4) | 13 (68.4) |  |
p16 protein | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Positive | 22 (44) | 10 (32.3) | 12 (63.2) | 0.033 |
   Negative | 28 (56) | 21 (67.7) | 7 (36.8) |  |
p53 protein | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Positive | 31 (62) | 23 (74.2) | 8 (42.1) | 0.020 |
   Negative | 19 (38) | 8 (25.8) | 11 (57.9) |  |
MDM2 protein | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Positive | 21 (42) | 16 (51.6) | 5 (26.3) | 0.080 |
   Negative | 29 (58) | 15 (48.4) | 14 (73.7) |  |